Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 27

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 27

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Question 1
1 / -0

Hormone responsible for the development of secondary sexual characters of female is

A
Progesterone

B
Oxytocin

C
Estrogen

D
Andogen

Solution

A. Progesterone is a steroid female sex hormone which is also known as pregnancy hormone. It maintains the inner lining of uterus which aids in implantation of embryo in the uterus.
B. Oxytocin is secreted from the posterior pituitary and helps in the contraction of uterus during childbirth and also stimulates release of milk from mammary glands i.e. lactation.
C. Estrogen is the female sex hormone secreted from ovarian follicles and stimulate the development of female secondary sex organs and secondary sexual characters.
D. Androgen is a sexocorticoid produced by adrenal cortex. It stimulates the deposition of protein in muscles and nitrogen retention in males.
So, the correct answer is 'Estrogen'.
Question 2
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Ovarian hormones are usually

A
Proteinaceous

B
Steroids

C
Amines

D
Modified amino acids

Solution

Different hormones have different chemical nature depending on the molecules they are made up of.
A. Proteinaceous hormones are peptide hormones made up of proteins.
B. Steroids hormones are derived from cholesterol. These hormones are produced in the form of lipids.
C. Amines are the hormones which are amino acid derivatives.
D. Some hormones are formed by modification of amino acids.
Ovarian hormones are steroids. They are derived from cholesterol. For example, progesterone and oestrogen.
So, the correct answer is 'Steroids'.
Question 3
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Specific part of hypothalamus, responsible for physiological sweat secretion is

A
Supra-optic nucleus

B
Para ventriculus nucleus

C
Pars distalis

D
Median eminence
Solution
- The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is a nucleus in the hypothalamus. It is a group of neurons that can be activated by physiological changes including stress.
- It is responsible for physiological sweat secretion.
- Hence the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus is responsible for physiological sweat secretion.
- So, the correct answer is (B).
Question 4
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In mammals the brain centre regulating body temperature is found in

A
Cerebellum

B
Cerebral lobe

C
Hypothalamus

D
Medulla oblongata

Solution

Hypothalamus is located at the base of the brain, near the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in many important functions, including: releasing hormones. regulating body temperature.
Hence, the correct answer is (C)
Question 5
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Neurosecretory cells occur in

A
Hypothalamus

B
Cerebral cortex

C
Medulla oblongata

D
Corpus callosum
Question 6
1 / -0

It is bridge between nervous system and endocrine system

A
Thalamus

B
Hypothalamus

C
Limbic system

D
Parietal lobe
Question 7
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A woman started developing male characteristics. It may be due to

A
Overproduction of adrenal androgens

B
Overproduction of-estrogen

C
Damage to mammary estrogen

D
Damage to posterior pituitary

Solution

The hormones responsible for the development of male characteristics are androgens. Androgens are sexocorticoids secreted from adrenal cortex. Two types of androgens are found in males, testosterone and androstenedione. A little amount of androgens are secreted in females also but sometimes due to hormonal imbalance, adrenal cortex starts producing more androgens in female due to which some male characters like facial hair develop in females.
So, the correct answer is 'Overproduction of adrenal androgens'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Parathormone causes

A
Increased level of serum calcium

B
Increased level of blood sugar

C
Decreased level of serum calcium

D
Decreased level of blood sugar

Solution

The parathyroid glands secrete a peptide hormone called parathyroid hormone or parathormone (PTH). The release of parathormone is regulated by the circulating levels of calcium ( $Ca^{2+}$ ) ions in the blood. PTH plays an important role in calcium balance of the body. It maintains the calcium balance between the blood and other tissues. When the calcium level in the blood decreases, parathyroid hormone is released in order to increase the calcium level in the blood. PTH acts on bones and other skeletal structure and mobilizes the calcium ( $Ca^{2+}$ ) from the bones into the blood. This is called bone resorption/dissolution/demineralization. The parathormone also increases the reabsorption of calcium by the renal tubules and absorption of calcium from the digested food. Hence, parathormone causes increased level of serum calcium.
Question 9
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Pineal gland produces

A
Glucagon

B
Aldosterone

C
Cortisone

D
Melatonin

Solution

A. Glucagon is secreted from alpha cells of islets of Langerhans of pancreas. It increases blood sugar level by stimulating glycogenolysis (i.e. break down of glucose) and gluconeogenesis (synthesis of glucose).
B. Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone secreted from the adrenal cortex. It maintains the electrolyte balance in the body by reducing the loss of sodium through urine and sweat.
C. Cortisone is a steroid hormone secreted from adrenal cortex in response to stress conditions in the body.
D. Melatonin is derived from amino acid tryptophan and secreted from pineal gland. It regulates the 24 hour rhythm of our body like sleep-wake cycle, temperature etc. and also affects metabolism and pigmentation.
So, the correct answer is 'Melatonin'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Pituitary gland is under the control of

A
Thyroid gland

B
Adrenal gland

C
Adrenal medulla

D
Hypothalamus

Solution

A. Thyroid gland is situated between the trachea and larynx in the neck and secretes thyroxine hormone which increases oxygen consumption by metabolically active tissues.
B. Adrenal gland is present on upper side of kidneys and has two parts, adrenal cortex which secrete glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and sexocorticoids and adrenal medulla which secrete adrenaline and nor-adrenaline hormone.
C. Adrenal medulla is part of adrenal gland and secretes adrenaline and nor-adrenaline hormones.
D. Hypothalamus is present in the forebrain. This gland secretes hormones that regulate the synthesis and secretion of hormones of pituitary gland.
So, the correct answer is 'Hypothalamus'.

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 27

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 27

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Progesterone

Oxytocin

Estrogen

Andogen

Solution

Question 2

Proteinaceous

Steroids

Amines

Modified amino acids

Solution

Question 3

Supra-optic nucleus

Para ventriculus nucleus

Pars distalis

Median eminence

Solution

Question 4

Cerebellum

Cerebral lobe

Hypothalamus

Medulla oblongata

Solution

Question 5

Hypothalamus

Cerebral cortex

Medulla oblongata

Corpus callosum

Question 6

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

Limbic system

Parietal lobe

Question 7

Overproduction of adrenal androgens

Overproduction of-estrogen

Damage to mammary estrogen

Damage to posterior pituitary

Solution

Question 8

Increased level of serum calcium

Increased level of blood sugar

Decreased level of serum calcium

Decreased level of blood sugar

Solution

Question 9

Glucagon

Aldosterone

Cortisone

Melatonin

Solution

Question 10

Thyroid gland

Adrenal gland

Adrenal medulla

Hypothalamus

Solution

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