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Plant Kingdom Test - 20

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Plant Kingdom Test - 20
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Alga rich in protein is
    Solution
    Chlorella is a fresh water, single-celled algae, that grows in fresh water. Chlorella emerged over 2 billion years ago, and was the first form of a plant with a well-defined nucleus. It is a potential food source because it is high in protein and other essential nutrients; when dried, it is about 45% protein, 20% fat, 20% carbohydrate, 5% fibre and 10% minerals and vitamins. It is also abundant in calories and vitamins.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Algae differ from Bryophyta in possessing
    Solution
    • In algae, sex organs are one-celled and not covered by a sterile jacket (naked), whereas in bryophytes sex organs are multicellular and covered. 
    • Bryophytes are called amphibians of the plant kingdom. 
    • Zygote is liberated from plants in the case of algae, whereas in bryophytes zygote remain enclosed in archegonium.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Macrocystis is a
    Solution
    Macrocystis is a genus of kelp (large brown algae). This genus contains the largest of all the phaeophyceae or brown algae. Macrocystis has pneumatocysts at the base of its blades. Sporophytes are perennial, and individual stipes may persist for many years. The genus is found widely in subtropical and temperate oceans of the Southern Hemisphere, and in the northeast Pacific from Baja California to Sitka, Alaska. Macrocystis is a major component of kelp forests.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Floridean starch is found in
    Solution
    Floridean starch ( α-1,4-glucan) is the storage polysaccharide or stored form of food found in Red algae i.e. Rhodophyceae. It is stored in the cytosol in the form of grains outside the chloroplast. Structurally, Floridean starch is very similar to amylopectin but it is more highly branched than amylopectin.
    So, the correct answer is B.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following form contain algae?
    Solution
    Equisetum, Selaginella and Marsilea belong to Pteridophyta. Equisetum is the only living genus in Equisetaceae, a family of vascular plants, that reproduce by spores rather than seeds. Selaginella is the sole genus of vascular plants in the family Selaginellaceae, the spike mosses or lesser clubmosses. Marsilea is a genus of approximately 65 species of aquatic ferns of the family Marsileaceae.
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Sexual reproduction in algae results in the formation of
    Solution
    The simplest form of sexual reproduction in algae is conjugation, in which two similar organisms fuse, exchange genetic material, and then break apart. For example, in Spirogyra, which produces both asexually and sexually, two long, unbranched filaments join via conjugation tubes, through which genetic material is exchanged between cells. Most multicellular algae undergo a more complex form of sexual reproduction involving the union of special reproductive cells, called gametes, to form a single cell, known as a zygote.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Pyrenoids are characteristically found in the chloroplast of
    Solution
    Pyrenoids are characteristically found in the chloroplast of algae. They are one or more storage bodies present mainly in Chlorophyceae (green algae). Pyrenoids contain protein and starch. RuBisCO enzyme is also present in pyrenoids. It helps in CO2CO_2 fixation in plants.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Brown algae is characterised by the presence of
    Solution
    Fucoxanthin is a member of the carotenoid family, and is found naturally in some types of seaweed. Like most carotenoids, fucoxanthin is an antioxidant. Fucoxanthin might prevent the growth of fat tissue and reduce abdominal fat. Most brown algae contain the pigment fucoxanthin, which is responsible for the distinctive greenish-brown color that gives them their name.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    All cells of sex organs can form gametes in
    Solution
    In sexual reproduction, there is an opportunity for exchange of genetic material and formation of new combinations. Sexual reproduction is not observed in cyanophyceae. It is not yet confirmed in Euglenophyceae. In all the other classes of algae, it is present. This is effected by three basic methods: 
    1. Isogamy 
    2. Anisogamy and 
    3. Oogamy. 
    In isogamy fusion occurs between two morphologically identical gametes. 
    Anisogamy involves the pairing of two dissimilar gametes, i.e., one gamete is smaller than the other. In certain cases the morphologically identical gametes behave differently, thus exhibit the physiological anisogamy. In some algae the gametes may be highly dimorphic. The larger, non motile gamete is called an egg or ovum and the smaller, motile one is called the sperm or spermatozoid. 
    A spermatozoid unites with an egg and this type of sexual reproduction is known as oogamy. After the fusion of the gametes a zygote is formed. The germination of zygote may vary in different algae but usually the contents divide to form zoospores. These zoospores germinate into the parent plant. In rare cases the zygote germinates directly into an adult plant. In Charophyceae, the germination of the zygote is indirect and produces a protonema from which the adult plant develops.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Red rust of tea is caused by
    Solution
    Cephaleuros virescens and Cephaleuros parasiticus are the algae, which cause red rot disease in tea. Ganoderma philippi, Poria hypolateritia are other non-algal pathogens causing red rot disease for tea.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.

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