Morphology of Flowering Plants Test -4

Tinospora develops adventitious roots having chlorophyll and perform photosynthesis. This kind of roots develops from stems andhang in air.

In recemose inflorescence indefinite growth occurs and bears a number of flowers due to active growing point.

The hilum is a scar on the seed coat through which the developing seeds were attached to the fruit.

In hypogamous flowers the ovary is at tops and stamens, petals and sepals are borne below on the thalamus. The ovary is called superior.

True frui is the fruit that develops from ovary only. In composite fruits, whole inflorescence develops into fruits as in case of jackfruit.

In angiosperms a hypanthium is a structure where basal portions of the calayx, the corolla and the stamens form a cup-shaped tube.

The ancestor of mammals belongs to class Therapsida.Therapsida is a group of synapsids that includes mammals and their ancestors.

Bat is a member of order Chiroptera of class Mammalia. Bats are only mammals to have achieved powered fight in which forelimb is modified as wings.

Insects have the highest number of species in nature. Insect belongs to arthropods family of class Mammalia. They are charecterised by jointed legs.

Sycon does not perform locomotion, although it is a animal. Syconremain attached to substratum and does not move from one place to other.

A corm is a short and swollen underground modified stem which is used for food storage by some plants so as to survive adverse climatic conditions. It is also called as bulbo-tuber. A corm consists of one or more nodes and internodes. On the top of the corm, buds grow into shoots. These shoots produce normal leaves and flowers. The old corm is replaced by a new corm from a lateral bud. Corms produce adventitious roots. Tunics are not found in corm, rather they are found in a bulb. 

Gloriosa is a perennial herb growing from a fleshy rhizome. It climbs using tendrils. The plant propagates vegetatively by dividing the rhizome

Thorns are modified branches of stems. They are derived from shoots. They can be branched or unbranched and can have leaves or not. They arise from a bud. Thorns have vascular bundles inside. Prickles are like coarse hairs. They are derived from the bark or epidermis. Prickles do not have vascular bundles inside, so they can be removed more easily. Thorns are endogenous in nature as they arise from internal tissue whereas prickles are exogenous in nature as they arise from the external tissue.

Sucker is a mode of vegetative propagation. It is a non- green slender stem branch which arises from the underground base of erect shoot or crown. It grows horizontally in the soil and ultimately comes out to form a new aerial shoot or crown. Each sucker has nodes with scale leaf and axillary bud. For example, mint has a sucker. It has adventitious root and scale leaf.

A plant stem that grows horizontally under or along the ground and from which roots and shoots grows is called as a rhizome. New plants develop from the shoots. They are also called as root stock. For example, Ginger
So, the correct answer is 'Rhizome'

In capitulum, the receptacle is flat with many sessile and small florets in a centripetal manner. Individual florets are bracteate. Cluster of florets are surrounded by a whorl of bracts called as involucre. Two types of florets are present - ray and disc florets.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

• In spike, the central axis is elongated but flowers are sessile, e.g., Achyranthes. 
• In capitulum, the receptacle is flat, bears sessile small florets in a centripetal manner, e.g., Zinnia. 
• In dichasial cyme, peduncle bears two bracts at a node from which two branches arise, e.g., Dianthus. 
• In multiparous cyme, the peduncle bears a single terminal flower and below it, more than two lateral branches arise from a node, e.g., Asclepias. 
• In verticillaster, there is a condensed dichasial cyme type inflorescence, e.g., Coleus.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Reticulate venation is the arrangement in which the veins of the leaf cross each other around the midrib. It may be unicostate or multicostate depending on the number of mid-ribs and lobes of the leaf. For example, dicot plant.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

• Cyathium inflorescence is seen in Euphorbia splendens and Euphorbia pulcherrima (Poinsettia). 
• In cyathium inflorescence, the bracts become fused to form a cup-shaped structure. This cup completely encloses a single female flower surrounded by numerous male flowers. 
• The cyathium is surrounded by brightly coloured bracts.