Morphology of Flowering Plants Test 40

Fabaceae or Leguminosae, commonly known as the legume, pea and bean family are a large and economically important family of flowering plants. It includes trees, herbs, shrubs and rarely woody climbers. Leaves are usually pinnately compound with a pulvinate base, flowers are zygomorphic, Corolla is papilionaceous, posterior petal innermost, sepals free, odd sepal is anterior. Hence, odd sepal is characteristic in family Fabaceae.

The androecium is the male part of an angiospermic flower which is composed of two or more stamens. They are called essential organs because the androecium is involved in reproduction. In Fabaceae, the stamens are 10,  diadelphous and anthers are dithecous. Diadelphous stamens are those which are united by their filaments so as to form two groups.

Abrus precatorius, commonly known as jequirity bean, rosary pea, crab eye seed is a herbaceous flowering plant belonging to Fabaceae. It is a slender perennial climber with long, pinnate leafleted leaves that twines around trees, shrubs and hedges. The seeds of Abrus precatorius are much valued in native jewellery for their bright colouration and are very consistent in weight. Formerly, these seeds were used to weigh gold. So, the correct answer is 'Abrus precatorius'.

Glycine max commonly known as soyabean or soybean is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean which has numerous uses. Soyabean meal is a significant and cheap source of proteins for animal feeds and many packaged meals.

A. Spongy tissue – parenchyma with less number of chloroplast.

B. Palisade tissue – parenchyma with more number of chloroplast.

C. Guard tissue – modified epidermal cells with chloroplast, present in the stomata.

D. Bundle sheath – Thick walled parenchymatous sheath present around the vascular bundles in leaves.

So, the correct option is ‘Palisade tissue’.

Liliaceae or lily family consists of a vast number of species of flowering plants. They are monocots, perennial, herbaceous plants. The perianth is the outermost whorl of the flower, consisting of sepals and petals in undifferentiated form. In Liliaceae, the number of perianth are 6 which are arranged in two whorls of 3 each.

The pappus is the modified calyx, the part of individual floret that surrounds the base of the corolla tube in flower heads of the plant family Asteraceae. The Asteraceae pappus may be composed of feathery bristles, scales. In Helianthus, the calyx is converted into hairy pappus. So, the correct answer is 'Helianthus'.

Cajanus cajan, commonly known as pigeon pea is a perennial legume belonging to family Fabaceae. It is most commonly used as food and consumed on a large scale mainly in South Asia and is a major source of protein for the population of the Indian subcontinent.

• Butea monosperma, commonly known as flame of the forest and bastard teek is native to tropical and subtropical parts of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is used for timber, resin, fodder, medicine and dye.

• Xylia xylocarpa is a perennial tree belonging to family Fabaceae. It produces timber, medicine and the seeds are edible.

• So, the correct answer is 'Butea monosperma and Xylia xylocarpa'.

Allium cepa, commonly known as bulb onion or common onion is a species of flowering plant belonging to family Liliaceae or lily family. It is used as a vegetable and it is the most widely cultivated species. It is a biennial plant but it is usually grown as an annual. Onions are toxic to dogs, cats and many other animals. So, the correct answer is 'Liliaceae'.