Morphology of Flowering Plants Test 44

Liliaceae or lily family is an economically important family of monocotyledonous flowering plants. Allium is a genus of species of flowering plants belonging to family Liliaceae. In Liliaceae, the gynoecium is tricarpellary, syncarpous (carpels fuse), ovary superior (ovary attached to the receptacle above the floral parts), trilocular with two ovules, axile placentation. So, the correct answer is 'Allium'.

Fabaceae or Papilionaceae is a large and economically important family of flowering plants. Vexillary aestivation is seen in members of Fabaceae. In vexillary aestivation, the outermost posterior petal is large which is known as the vexillum or standard, two lateral petals are known as the wings or alae, and the two anterior and innermost petals are united to form a boat-shaped structure known as the keel or carina. Hence, vexillum is found in Papilionaceae.

• Liliaceae, also known as Lily family consists of species of an economically important family of flowering plants within the order Liliales. They are monocotyledonous, perennial, herbaceous and often bulbous geophytes.
• Asteraceae, also known as Sunflower family is a very large and widespread family of flowering plants Most members of Asteraceae are annual or perennial herbs, but a significant number are also shrubs, vines, or trees. The family has a worldwide distribution, from the polar regions to the tropics, colonizing a wide variety of habitats.
  

So, the correct answer is 'Liliaceae-Sunflower family'.

Aloe vera, commonly known as Aloe is a succulent plant belonging to the family Liliaceae. It is an evergreen perennial and it is originated from the Arabian Peninsula. It is grown wild in tropical climates around the world and it is cultivated for agricultural and medicinal uses. It is used in traditional medicine as a skin treatment. 

A. Endosperm- In monocot endosperm provide food material to the developing embryo.

In grain seed, which is moncot and endospermic seed. the embryo consists of an upper shield shaped scutellum which is actually a reduced cotyledon. The scutellum is closely pressed against the endosperm and helps in the translocation of nutrients from endosperm to the growing embryo at the time of germination and seedling growth. So, the correct answer is 'Scutellum'.

• A leaf base is also known as hyphopodium, it is the lowermost part of the leaf which is slightly expanded region where the leaf get attached to the stem.
  
• It is indistinct in most of the plants which act as a cushion for the leaves.
• The vegetative shoot apex consists of two regions i.e, summit and flank.

1. Summit-  The rate of division is slow and it is located at the apex.
   
2. Flank- The rate of division is very fast and it lies behind the summit.
   

• Leaf primordium is formed on the flanks by the flank meristem.
  
• So, the correct answer is 'Leaf base'

A. Aleurone layer- In monocotyledonous endospermic seed, endosperm is surrounded by a special one- cell thick layer, called aleurone layer. The cells of aleurone layer are filled with proteinaceous aleurone grains which play an important role at the time of germination.

B. Coleorhiza- Protective sheath of radicle.

C. Scutellum- In monocotyledonous endospermic seed, the embryo consists of an upper shield shaped scutellum wich is actually a reduced cotyledon. The scutellum is closely pressed against the endosperm and helps in the translocation of nutrients from endosperm to the growing embryo at the time of germination and seedling growth.

D. Hilum- It is the point of attachment of the body of the ovule with the funiculus.

A. Embryo lies in the centre of endosperm. It consists of a radicle, a plumule and two lateral cotyledons, all of which are present on a short embryo axis. The cotyledons are thin, semi-transparent and oval in outline. They have palmate venation. The middle costa or rib is more prominent and bears a few lateral veins.

B. Maize- Cotyledons store food material for the embryo.

C. Pea- Cotyledons store food material for the embryo.