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Morphology of Flowering Plants Test 60

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Morphology of Flowering Plants Test 60
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    In a plant the peduncle is elongated and it bears pedicillate flowers. The older flowers lie towards the base and the younger ones near the apex. The growth of the peduncle continues and more flowers are added. The inflorescence is 
    Solution
    In a plant the peduncle is elongated and it bears pedicillate flowers. The older flowers lie towards the base and the younger ones near the apex. The growth of the peduncle continues and more flowers are added. The inflorescence is Raceme. The raceme is an unbranched, indeterminate type of inflorescence bearing pedicellate flowers flowers having short floral stalks called as pedicels along its axis. Axis means a shoot, in this case one bearing the flowers. In indeterminate inforescences like racemes, the oldest flowers are borne towards the base and new flowers are produced as the shoot grows, with no predetermined growth limit.
    Therefore, the correct option is A.

  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    This falls under which category of inflorescence?

    Solution
    The image represents the special type of inflorescence in cyathium. Cyathium is the type of inflorescence which is found in genus Euphorbia. There is a cup-shaped involucre. This structure is provided with nectar secreting glands. The involucre encloses a single female flower. This female flower remains surrounded by a number of male flowers. Each male flower is reduced to a solitary stamen. There is a scaly bract at the base. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The ratio of old to young flowers in Euphorbia inflorescence is
    Solution
    The ratio of old to young flowers in Euphorbia inflorescence is 1: many. The old flower is the single female flower and the young ones are male flowers, it is cyathium inflorescence. 
    Cyanthium and cymose are the same. Each cyathium or cymose is actually a flower cluster or inflorescence containing unisexual, apetalous male and female flowers. The inconspicuous male flowers occur in clusters and are reduced to a single red stamen, while the female flower consists of a single ovary (pistil) on a stalk (pedicel).
    Therefore, the correct option is B.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Select the correct combination of inflorescence from the following.
    Solution
    An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. A catkin or ament is a scaly, generally drooping spike or raceme. Cymose or other complex inflorescences that are superficially similar are also generally called as thus.
    Therefore, the correct option is A.

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Spike of spikelet inflorescence is a charactersitic of
    Solution
    Spike of spikelet inflorescence is a charactersitic of Poaceae. Flowers of Poaceae are characteristically arranged in spikelets, each spikelet having one or more florets. The spikelets are further grouped into panicles or spikes. A spikelet consists of two (or sometimes fewer) bracts at the base, called as glumes, followed by one or more florets. A floret consists of the flower surrounded by two bracts, one externalthe lemmaand one internalthe palea.
    Therefore, the correct option is B.

  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Identify the figure.

    Solution
    The parts of Cyathium which is an example of Euphorbia bears both the male and female flowers (reproductive parts) on the same structure but at different positions. The parts labeled A and B are the male and female flowers respectively. Part C is the involucre or the site of fertilization which contains the ovaries (female reproductive structure).
    Bracteate inflorescence is one that is borne upon bracts (stalk-like structures) but the picture in the question does not show any bracts thus it is a wrong option.
    Catkins unlike cyathium do not have the male and the female parts together on the same structure..
    The spadix are unisexual and apetalous flowers (lack actual petals) but contain a cluster or a clump of flowers on one single structure called as the spadix. 
    Therefore, the correct option is A.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which is the correct match?

    Solution
    As the part labelled as a are the anthers and the part labelled b is the female flower and the part labelled c is the involucre. The anthers drop their gametes into the involucre that houses the ovary through the female flower that acts as a receptacle.
    Therefore, the correct option is A.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Match list I with list II and select the correct option
      List I  List II
     A Spike 1 Bougainvillea
     B Capitulum 2 Coleus
     C Dichasial cyme 3 Adhatoda
     D Multiparous cyme 4 Zinnia
     E Verticillaster 5 Asclepias
    Solution
    Option A - Spike matches with 3 - Adhatoda, as the flowers are borne on spikes.
    Option B - Capitulum matches with 4 - Zinnia, as the bigger unstalked separate flowers arranged very close to each other and the smaller ones are at the center forming a canopy like flower.
    Option C - Dichasial cyme matches with 1 - Bougainvillea, as the older flowers are present at the center that is at the end of the growing point and the younger flowers are on either sides of the old central flower.
    Option D - Multiparous cyme matches with 5- Asclepias as more than one flower are produced at the same time or simultaneously in this particular variety.
    Option E - Verticillaster matches with 2- Coleus, as this inflorescence is multiwhorled (has more than one whorl) and they are borne at different points at definite intervals on the same stem. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Rhipidium inflorescence of solanaceae is of type
    Solution
    In the cymose inflorescence the main axis ends of the flower ends in a flower as the peduncle stops growing. The flowers in cyme show basipetal succession. The oldest flower is the apex and the youngest flower of the inflorescence is at the base of the inflorescence. The flower are arranged in centrifugal manner and the oldest flower is at the center and the young flowers are towards the margin. A cyme is said to be scorpioid when the axis is curved and the flowers arise two-ranked and on alternate sides of the axis as in the forget-me-not. Rhipidium is a fan-shaped cymose inflorescence (as in some sedges) in which the branches lie in the same plane and are suppressed alternately on each side.
    Therefore, the correct option is D.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Match the columns
      List I List II 
     A Spike 1 Modified scorpiod cyme
     B Catkin 2 Sessile racemose
     C Hypanthodium 3 Branched racemose
     D Panicle 4 Inflorescence with three types of flowers
     E Rhipidium 5 Cylindrical flower structure
    Solution
    Spikes - un-branched racemose inflorescence e.g., Malabar nut and chaff flowers.
    Catkin - a cylindrical flower cluster  e.g., hazel, oak, mulberry, sweet chestnut, willow and birch  .
    Panicle - branched indeterminate racemose inflorescence with pedicellate flowers e.g., grapes.
    Hypanthodium - inflorescence with three types of flowers - male flowers at the opening of the receptacle cavity, female flowers at the base and gall flowers (sterile flowers) in between. e.g., Ficus.
    Rhipidium - A type of determinate simple inflorescence called as cymose, in this form of scorpoid  cyme, the successive pedicels are on the same plane and follow a zig-zag path e.g., Iridaceae.

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