Morphology of Flowering Plants Test 63

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Morphology of Flowering Plants Test 63

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

These are three examples of family Fabaceae. Answer the following.
Out of which of these true gulal is extracted?

A
A

B
B

C
C

D
None of the above

Solution

Gulal is a coloured powder and can be extracted from the flowers, fruits and leaves. But mainly extracted from the flower of Caesalpinia pulcherima a flowering plant of the family Fabaceae.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 2
1 / -0

These are three examples of family Fabaceae. Answer the following.
Tendrils of Pisum are modification of

A
Terminal leaflets

B
Axial leaflet

C
Leaflet

D
None of the above

Solution

The tendrils of Pisum are modified terminal leaflets. The pea plant is a climber and climbs with the help of the modified terminal leaflets are called as tendrils produced at the apex of compound leaves and also form branched tendrils. Axial leaflets are the modified branches arising as buds in the axil of the leaf. A leaflet is a separate but distinct part of the leaf.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 3
1 / -0

Match the item in column I with column II and choose the correct answer.
Column 1 Column 2
A. Microspermae
1. Alismaceae
B. Epigynae 2. Liliaceae
C. Calycinae 3. Iridaceae
D. Apocarpae 4. Orchidaceae
E. Coronarieae 5. Palmae

A
A - 3, B - 2, C - 1, D - 5, E - 4

B
A - 2, B - 4, C - 3, D - 5, E - 1

C
A - 4, B - 3, C - 5, D - 1, E - 2

D
A - 4, B - 1, C - 3, D - 5, E - 2

Solution

Bentham and Hooker divided the monocotyledons into 7 series such as
1) Microspermae- Plants with epigynous flower, inferior ovary, nonendospermic seeds, and parietal placentation. It includes 3 families such as Hydrocharitaceae, Orchidaceae and Burmanniaceae.
2) Epigynae- Plants with epigynous flower, inferior ovary, and large endospermic seeds. It includes 7 families such as Iridaceae, Bromiliaceae etc.
3) Coronarieae- Plants with petaloid perianth, superior ovary, and endospermic seed. It includes 8 families such as Liliaceae, Mayaceae etc.
4) Calycinae- Plants with sepaloid perianth, superior ovary, and endospermic seed. It includes 3 families Juncaceae, Plamae and Flagillariaceae.
5) Nudiforae- Plants with the superior ovary, endospermic seed, and perianth in the form of bristles. It includes 5 families such as Araceae, Cyclanthaceae etc.
6) Apocarpae- Plants with free carpel, superior ovary, and nonendospermic seed. It includes 3 families Alsimaceae, Najadaceae etc.
7) Glumaceae- Plants with no perianth, unilocular ovary and starchy endosperm such as Cyperaceae, Gramineae. It includes 5 families. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 4
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Which of the following is not a characteristic feature of Fabaceae?

A
Descendingly imbricate, ten stamens, diadelphous, ovary superior

B
Sepals five, gamosepalous, imbricate aestivation, placentation axile

C
Monocarpellary, ovary superior, style long, slightly bent at the apex

D
Zygomorphic flowers, diadelphous stamens, many ovules

E
Corolla five petals, polypetalous, anterior one large and outermost

Solution

Fabaceae is known as Leguminosae or bean and pea family. This single monophyletic family has three sub-families such as Mimosoideae, Caesalpinioideae and Papilionoideae.
While the family is characterized by presence of five sepals, zygomorphic flower, gamesepelous and has an imbricate aestivation, the placentation is marginal with one elongated placenta on one side of the ovary (superior) and ovules attached at the fusion of the carpel's margins and not axile ( where the ovary is sectioned by radial spokes with placentas in separate locules).
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Question 5
1 / -0

The placenta is swollen and fleshy in

A
Solanaceae

B
Cucurbitaceae

C
Compositae

D
Liliaceae

Solution

The placenta is swollen and fleshy in Solanaceae. The gynoecium is bicarpelar with a superior ovary and two locules, which may be secondarily divided by false septa, as is the case for Nicandreae and Datureae. The gynoecium is located in an oblique position relative to the flowers median plane. They have one style and one stigma, the latter is simple or bilobate. Each locule has one to 50 ovules that are anatropous or hemianatropous with axillar placentation. The embryo sacks nuclear poles become fused before fertilization. The three antipodes are usually ephemeral or persistent as in the case of Atropa. The fruit can be a berry as in the case of the tomato or wolfberry a dehiscent capsule as in Datura, or a drupe. The fruit has axial placentation. The capsules are normally septicidal or rarely loculicidal or valvate. The seeds are usually endospermic, oily (rarely starchy), and without obvious hairs.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
Question 6
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Which of the following leaf fibres are considered hard because of high lignin content in their cell walls

A
Agave

B
Yucca

C
Musa textilis

D
All of the above

Solution

Agave, Yucca and Musa textilis are monocots and possess high lignin content in their cell walls. The fibre which is used commercially is derived from leaves of these plant. Ropes are made from fibre derived from leaves of Musa textilis. These finest ropes are used to hold ships to docks.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 7
1 / -0

Cork of commerce obtained from Quercus is part of

A
Phellem

B
Phellogen

C
Phelloderm

D
All of the above

Solution

Cork of commerce obtained from Quercus is part of Phellem. Phellogen is defined as the meristematic cell layer responsible for the development of the periderm. Cells that grow inwards from the phellogen are termed phelloderm, and cells that develop outwards are termed phellem or cork. Growth and development of cork cambium is very variable between different species and is also highly dependent on age, growth conditions, etc. as can be observed from the different surfaces of bark.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
Question 8
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In the diagram of the portion of the transverse section of maize root given, certain parts have been indicated by alphabets, choose the answer in which these alphabets have been correctly matched with the parts which they indicate.

A
A- Root hair, B- Epiblema, C- Cortex, D- Endodermis, E- Passage cell, F- Pericycle, G- Pith, H- Phloem, I- Metaxylem, J- Protoxylem

B
A- Root hair, B- Epiblema, C- Cortex, D- Endodermis, E- Passage cell, F- Pith, G- Pericycle, H- Metaxylem, I- Phloem, J- Protoxylem

C
A- Root hair, B- Epiblema, C- Cortex, D- Endodormis, E- Pericycle, F- Passage cell, G- Phloem, H- Pith, I- Protoxylem, J- Metaxylem

D
A- Root hair, B- Cortex, C- Epiblema, D- Pericycle, E- Endodermis, F- Pith, G- Passage cell, H- Phloem, I- Protoxylem, J- Metaxylem

Solution

Maize is a monocot. Hence, given cross section is of a monocotelydonous root.
A is showing root hair like structure. Some epidermal cells protrude to give unicellular root hairs. Hence, A- Root hair.
B is showing outermost epidermis layer It is called as epiblema, Hence, B- Epiblema.
C is showing loosely spaced parenchymatous cells. Hence, C- Cortex.
D consists of barrel shaped cells. Hence, D- Endodermis.
E is showing some of the cells of endodermis without thickening. Hence, E- Passage cell.
F is a single layer of cells below endoermis, Hence, F- Pericycle.
Monocot root shows well developed, large central pith. Hence, G- Pith.
Vascular bundles of monocot root are are radial, i.e., present at different radii, xylem is exarch, i.e., protoxylem is away from centre and metaxylem is towards center. H- Phloem, I- Metaxylem, J- Protoxylem.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 9
1 / -0

The root hairs are always unicellular and unbranched in the plant kingdom except ..................... roots where they are multicellular.

A
Root hairs of Nymphaea

B
Root hairs of Cucurbita

C
Root hair of Hevea

D
Aerial adventitious roots of Kalanchoe

E
None of the above

Solution

The root hairs of plants are actually tubular outgrowth of trichoblast, a hair-forming cell present on the epidermis of roots. These help the plants to increase the surface area of their roots so as to absorb the mineral nutrients present in the soil. In most dicotyledons and monocots, the root hairs are unicellular, thin walled and un-branched structures and are short lived. However, there are exceptions such as the ones found in the aerial adventitious roots of Kalanchoe where these are multicellular.

Question 10

1 / -0

Match the columns and choose the correct option from the following.

A	Macrosclereids	1	Hair like cells in roots of Monstera
B	Osteosclereids	2	Bone like cells xerophytes
C	Astrosclereids	3	Star shaped cells in hygrophytes
D	Trichosclereids	4	Stone like cells in seed coat of Fabaceae

A- 4, B- 2, C- 3, D- 1

A- 4, B- 3, C- 2, D- 1

A- 4, B- 2, C- 1, D- 3

A- 2, B- 4, C- 3, D- 1

Solution

Macrosclereids are elongated sclerieds usually found in outer layer of seed coat of legume seeds. These cells are responsible for restricting water uptake by hard seeded legumes. These are found in Fabaceae.

Osterosclereids are columnar cells similar to macrosclereids, except they are enlarged at the ends making them bone shaped. They are present in xerophytes.

Astrosclereids are branched, pointed, irregular (often star shaped) sclereids. They can be found in specialized tissues, like the floating leaves of water lily, hygrophytes.

Trichosclereids are uncommon cells. They can be found in the leaves of olive and the areal roots of Swiss cheese plant (Monstera).

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

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Column 1	Column 2
A. Microspermae	1. Alismaceae
B. Epigynae	2. Liliaceae
C. Calycinae	3. Iridaceae
D. Apocarpae	4. Orchidaceae
E. Coronarieae	5. Palmae

Morphology of Flowering Plants Test 63

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Morphology of Flowering Plants Test 63

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Question 1

A

B

C

None of the above

Solution

Question 2

Terminal leaflets

Axial leaflet

Leaflet

None of the above

Solution

Question 3

A - 3, B - 2, C - 1, D - 5, E - 4

A - 2, B - 4, C - 3, D - 5, E - 1

A - 4, B - 3, C - 5, D - 1, E - 2

A - 4, B - 1, C - 3, D - 5, E - 2

Solution

Question 4

Descendingly imbricate, ten stamens, diadelphous, ovary superior

Sepals five, gamosepalous, imbricate aestivation, placentation axile

Monocarpellary, ovary superior, style long, slightly bent at the apex

Zygomorphic flowers, diadelphous stamens, many ovules

Corolla five petals, polypetalous, anterior one large and outermost

Solution

Question 5

Solanaceae

Cucurbitaceae

Compositae

Liliaceae

Solution

Question 6

Agave

Yucca

Musa textilis

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

Phellem

Phellogen

Phelloderm

All of the above

Solution

Question 8

A- Root hair, B- Epiblema, C- Cortex, D- Endodermis, E- Passage cell, F- Pericycle, G- Pith, H- Phloem, I- Metaxylem, J- Protoxylem

A- Root hair, B- Epiblema, C- Cortex, D- Endodermis, E- Passage cell, F- Pith, G- Pericycle, H- Metaxylem, I- Phloem, J- Protoxylem

A- Root hair, B- Epiblema, C- Cortex, D- Endodormis, E- Pericycle, F- Passage cell, G- Phloem, H- Pith, I- Protoxylem, J- Metaxylem

A- Root hair, B- Cortex, C- Epiblema, D- Pericycle, E- Endodermis, F- Pith, G- Passage cell, H- Phloem, I- Protoxylem, J- Metaxylem

Solution

Question 9

Root hairs of Nymphaea

Root hairs of Cucurbita

Root hair of Hevea

Aerial adventitious roots of Kalanchoe

None of the above

Solution

Question 10

A- 4, B- 2, C- 3, D- 1

A- 4, B- 3, C- 2, D- 1

A- 4, B- 2, C- 1, D- 3

A- 2, B- 4, C- 3, D- 1

Solution

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