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Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test - 75

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Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test - 75
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    In the diagram of T.S. of stele of a dicot root, the different parts have been indicated by alphabets; choose the answer in which these alphabets correctly match with the parts they indicate.

    Solution
    • The innermost cortical layer is called endodermis. Its cells are barrel-shaped and are closely packed. Many cells get suberized on their radial and inner walls. These thickenings are called casparian stripes. 
    • Between xylem and phloem elements, parenchyma cells are present constituting conjunctive tissue, which later becomes a secondary meristem. 
    • Xylem and phloem patches are in equal numbers and alternate with each other. Xylem or phloem patches are usually four in number. In the xylem, the protoxylem elements face pericycle. Pith is very small, with closely packed parenchyma cells.
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is a correct sequence of layers in typical monocot root (from outer surface to inside)?
    Solution
    • The vascular bundles of monocot root are polyarch, radial, exarch, and closed. The external protective layer is called the epiblema or piliferous layer. The region inner to epiblema is called the cortex and it is homogenous. 
    • The innermost cortical layer is called the endodermis. Its cells are barrel-shaped and are closely packed. Inner to endodermis, one or two layers of parenchyma are present, constituting the pericycle.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Scindapsus officinalis of family Araceae is a unique plant as
    Solution
    An epiphyte is a plant that grows non-parasitically upon another plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain and debris around it rather than the structure it is attached to. Scindapsus officinalis of family Araceae is an epiphytic climber clinging by its adventitious aerial roots. The plant possesses antioxidant activity. The uniqueness of this family is it is epiphytic in the adult stage.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Cell wall in cork is impervious to water and gases due to presence of
    Solution
    Suberin is a waxy substance, similar to cutin, present in the thickened cell walls of many trees and shrubs, particularly in cork tissues. The outer cork cambium gradually loses their protoplast and become dead and their cell walls become suberized. The deposition of suberin (suberization) provides a water protective layer.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    In monocot roots, which types of vascular bundles are found?
    Solution
    In monocot roots, the protoxylem elements face pericycle between xylem and phloem elements, parenchyma cells are present constituting conjunctive tissue. This tissue does not become meristematic. Vascular bundles are usually more than six in number. Hence, the vascular bundle is radial with exarch xylem.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is used to obtain commercial cork?
    Solution
    Commercial cork is obtained from the bark of Quercus suber( cork oak), native to and cultivated in the Mediterranean region, which is endemic to southwest Europe and northwest Africa. Cork is composed of suberin, a hydrophobic substance, and because of its impermeable, buoyant, elastic and fire retardant properties, it is used in a variety of products, the most common of which is for wine stoppers. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Quercus'
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Consider the following statements.
    A. In a dicot root, the vascular bundles are collateral and endarch.
    B. The inner most layer of cortex in a dicot root is endodermis.
    C. In a dicot root, the phloem masses are separated from the xylem by parenchymatous cells that are known as the conjunctive tissue.
    Of these statements given above
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    What is the difference between sclerenchyma and parenchyma tissues?
    Solution
    Parenchyma: (1) Cells are thin-walled and unspecialized. 
    (2) These are living cells. 
    (3) Cells are usually loosely packed with large intercellular space. 
    (4) Stores nutrients and water in stem and roots. 
    (5) Some cells contain chlorophyll, called chlorenchyma, and perform photosynthesis. Other cells have large air cavities, called aerenchyma, which provide buoyancy to the hydrophytic plants.
    Sclerenchyma: (1) Cells are thick-walled and dignified. 
    (2) Tissues are made up of dead cells. 
    (3) No intercellular spaces between the cells are found. 
    (4) Provides strength to the plant parts. 
    (5) The cells are long and narrow, make the plant hard and stiff. The tissue is present in the stem around vascular bundles, in veins of leaves, and hard covering of seeds and nuts.
    So, the correct answer is 'Parenchyma- Cells are thin-walled and unspecialized, Sclerenchyma- Cells are thick-walled and lignified'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Simplest type of stele is
    Solution
    The earliest vascular plants had stems with a central core of vascular tissue. This consisted of a cylindrical strand of xylem, surrounded by a region of phloem. Around the vascular tissue, there might have been an endodermis that regulated the flow of water into and out of the vascular system. Such, an arrangement is termed as a protostele which is the most primitive and simplest type of stele.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The correct evolutionary sequence is
    Solution
    As per Bailey (1953) the tracheary elements developed during the evolution of land plants with the need for rapid movement of water and inorganic minerals to the increasing distances of the pant axis. While in lower vascular plants it provided conduction an support, the evolution of higher plants led to the evolutionary sequence of the tracheids to fibre tracheids to libiform fibres.
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