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Structural Organisation in Animals Test - 77

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Structural Organisation in Animals Test - 77
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The correct sequence of arrangements of segments in the leg of cockroach is 
    Solution
    Cockroach, has the following parts, in sequence from most proximal to most distal coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia and tarsus. The coxa is the proximal segment and functional base of the leg. It articulates with the pleuron and associated sclerites of its thoracic segment. The trochanter articulates with the coxae but usually is attached rigidly to the femur. The femur is the largest region of the leg. The tibia is the fourth section of the typical insect leg. As a rule, the tibia of an insect is slender in comparison to the femur, but it generally is at least as long and often longer. Most modern insects have tarsi divided into subsegments (tarsomeres), usually about five. 
    Hence, option D is correct.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Wings are vestigial in which of the following species of cockroach?
    Solution
    Blatta orientalis cockroach, female doesn't have the capacity to fly. The male has wings but it cannot fly and the wings cover 3/4 of the body. The female has stub wings just below the head. They generally live in moist areas, that's why these are also called water bug. 
    Hence, the correct option is A.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    In frog, the pancreas produces
    Solution
    In frog, pancreas is made up of lobules, connective tissue and islets of langerhans. The islets of Langerhans secrete a hormone known as insulin. The pancreatic juice contains three enzymes. The trypsin, amylopsin and stoop sin or lipase.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The taste receptors of cockroach are
    Solution
    • The mouthparts of the cockroach are provided with taste receptors or chemoreceptors. 
    • These are mainly confined to the tips of maxillary palps, labial palps, labium, and hypopharynx. 
    • Campaniform sensilla is a class of mechanoreceptors found in the exoskeleton of insects and responds to stress and torsion of the same.
    • Compound eyes are involved in vision, not taste.
    • Cockroach legs have several tactile receptors on each leg that respond to touch.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following muscles gets fatigued very soon?
    Solution

    • Muscle fatigue refers to a decrease in muscle force generated over time.
    • Skeletal muscles are used to move the bones in the body and may get fatigued because of overexertion. 
    • Overexertion such as intensive exercise results in depletion of oxygen levels in the muscles. So, the muscles shift temporarily to anaerobic metabolism to generate energy. This is done by the formation of lactic acid and energy. Accumulation of lactic acid in muscles leads to muscle fatigue.
    • The cardiac muscles are resistant to fatigue as they contain large numbers of mitochondria (powerhouses of the cell), enabling continuous aerobic respiration and ATP production required for mechanical muscle contraction. The rate of contraction and relaxation in smooth muscles is very slow which consumes less ATP. Thus, smooth muscles also do not experience fatigue.
    So, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Ciliary muscles are contractile structures which
    Solution
    The ciliary muscle is a circular muscle that relaxes or tightens the zonules to enable the lens to change shape for focusing. It is present between the sclera (white of the eye) and the fine ligaments, that suspend the lens. It is composed of both longitudinal and circular fibres and serves to change the shape of the lens, enabling the eye to focus on near or distant objects.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following are enteronephric nephridia in earthworm?
    Solution
    The pharyngeal nephridia form a cylindrical bunch around the oesophagus in the sixth segment and open into the pharynx in front by a large number of ducts. The system of septal excretory canals is more primitive and represents an intermediate stage between the purely exonephric metanephridia of Lumbricus and the elaborate enteronephric system of Pheretima, Lampito, and Woodwardiella.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Match the column (A) with the column (B).
    Column AColumn B
    AFluid connective tissue1Subcutaneous layer
    BFilling of space inside the organs2Cartilage 
    CStriated muscle                                 3Skeletal muscle
    DAdipose tissue4Areolar tissue
    ESurface of joints5Blood
    FStratified squamous epithelium6Skin
    Solution
    • Blood is a fluid connective tissue, which has plasma (liquid) as its matrix and red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), platelets as cells.  
    • Areolar tissue is found in between skin and muscles, around blood vessels, neurons, and also in the bone marrow. Being soft and loose they carry out the function of supporting internal organs and repairing of tissues by filling spaces. 
    • Striated muscle tissues are tissues, which have pattern of repeating sarcomere. A sarcomere is the basic unit of muscle. Striated skeletal muscle tissues are attached to bones and are voluntarily controlled, i.e., controlled by will.  
    • Adipose tissue is a type of connective tissue in which fat is stored. They are generally located below the skin. The layer of adipose tissue beneath the skin is known as the subcutaneous layer, which acts as an insulator. 
    • Cartilage is a type of connective tissue in which solid matrix is made of protein and sugars. Cartilage is present on the joint surface and makes it smooth.
    • Squamous epithelium cells are thin and flat and form a delicate lining. In skin squamous epithelium cells are arranged in many layers hence, called stratified squamous epithelium. It protects the body. 

    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of these is an ear ossicle in frog?
    Solution
    Columella auris in amphibians (frogs) and even in reptiles and birds is a bony or cartilaginous rod connecting the tympanic membrane with the inner ear and transmitting sound. It is homologous to the hyomandibular bone in fish and embryologically to stapes in mammals.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Integumentary nephridia in Earthworm are also called ?
    Solution
    Exonephric nephridia are those nephridia, which throw their collected excretory matter directly outside the body wall. Integumentary nephridia are exonephric. Integumentary nephridia are also called exonephric nephridia. These are smallest V-shaped and without nephrostome. Integumentary nephridia are scattered in the body wall of an earthworm. So, the correct answer is option B.
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