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Biomolecules Test - 16

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Biomolecules Test - 16
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    .......... is polymerized to form proteins.
    Solution
    Proteins are body building molecules and provide the structural framework for cells. They are biopolymers of amino acids.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is capable of self replication?
    Solution
    Miescher discovered nucleic acids from pus cells in discarded surgical bands. He observed that these were acidic in nature. The two types of nucleic acid were DNA and RNA. These are considered as the hereditary unit of the cell. These carry characters from one generation to the other.
    A nucleic acid molecule can act as genetic material because nucleic acids possess the ability of self-replication, i.e., capacity to generate their own copies.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The similarity between DNA and RNA is that both are
    Solution
    DNA and RNA are polynucleotides. They are polymers made up of nucleotides. They are synthesized by joining together of a large number of nucleotides with the help of ester bonds. Consecutive nucleotides in DNA and RNA are joined with the help of  phosphodiester bonds.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Nucleic acid is found in which of the following cell organelles? 
    Solution
    Eukaryotic cells have DNA in the nucleus and in organelles like chloroplasts and mitochondria. These are extrachromosomal DNA which mainly helps in the synthesis of intracellular and organelle-specific proteins. Mitochondria and chloroplast are therefore also known as semi-autonomous organelles. So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following enzyme can form RNA from DNA?
    Solution
    RNA polymerase participates in RNA synthesis during transcription process. It synthesizes RNA on DNA template.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Enzymes that catalyse interconversion of optical, geometrical or positional isomers are called 
    Solution
    • Isomerase enzymes catalyze rearrangements of molecular structure including optical and geometrical isomers.
    • Lyases and ligases are types of enzymes that can catalyze certain biochemical reactions. Lyases catalyze reactions that involve bond breaking. Lyases are also called synthases. Ligases are involved in catalyzing some biochemical reactions that result in bond forming.
    • Hydrolases are enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of a covalent bond using water.
    • So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is not a co-enzyme?
    Solution
    ATP or adenosine triphosphate is a nucleotide. It is not a co-enzyme.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    An organic substance bound to an enzyme and essential for its activity is called as
    Solution
    Enzymes are simple if they are made up of only proteins, e.g., pepsin, amylase, etc., while conjugate enzymes have an additional non-protein cofactor, e.g., dehydrogenase enzymes. The cofactor can be organic or inorganic. Loosely attached organic cofactor are called coenzymes, e.g., NAD, FAD etc., while firmly attached one is prosthetic group, e.g., haeme, biotin etc.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is an organic compound found in most cells?
    Solution
    Glucose is the organic compound found in all living cells. It is the centre point of all metabolic reactions. Combustion of glucose is the most basic energy yielding reaction in all the cells and the pathway intermediates are also the start point of many biosynthetic reactions.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    DNA polymerase enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of
    Solution
    DNA polymerase is an enzyme used in DNA replication. It synthesizes DNA on a DNA template. Bacteria have three different DNA polymerases, i.e., DNA pol I, DNA pol II and DNA pol III; while eukaryotes have several DNA polymerase enzymes.
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