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Biomolecules Test - 25

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Biomolecules Test - 25
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Nickel is component of
    Solution
    Urease is a nickel-containing metalloprotein which catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia. Due to the production of ammonia, it increases the production of ammonia. Sumner crystallized an enzyme known as urease and reported that all enzymes are protein. Heliobacter pylori are microbial ureases found in the stomach.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Energy currency/coin of cell is
    Solution
    ATP is adenosine triphosphate. It is formed of an adenine, a ribose and three phosphate radical attached to ribose. It is a storehouse of energy. It is found in all living cell. ATP is called energy currency as well as an energy carrier of the cell. ATP usually obtains energy during respiration. It provides energy for membrane transport, nerve conduction, cell movement, cell division etc. Breakage of one phosphate bond in the presence of ATP-ase and releases of 8.9Kcal per mole. Thus, the correct option is A.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Functional protein is
    Solution
    Enzymes are proteins which accelerate the rate of the reaction. The enzymes are functional protein as they play important role in metabolic reaction. Part of an enzyme where substrate molecules get attached is known as an active site. On attachment to the active site, the substrate is changed into the product. The substrate and product have different energy state. The energy gap between the substrate and the product is known as activation energy which is the minimum energy required to initiate a reaction. The enzymes lower the activation energy and lead to the faster conversion of substrate to the product.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The most diverse chemicals are
    Solution
    Proteins are building blocks of the body. The proteins are made up of amino acids. The amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds to form a protein. The amino acids consist of amine group made up of nitrogen and hydrogen and the carboxyl group at the end and a side chain of R group which is specific to a particular amino acid. This specific group brings a variability to the proteins. If R group is H it is glycine while if it is CH$$_2$$ it is alanine.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which one is not protein?
    Solution
    Myosin and actin are the contractile protein which is present in the muscles. It helps in contraction and relaxation of voluntary and involuntary muscles. Myosin has ATP attachment site which provides energy during the contraction. Actin is a contractile protein. 
    Albumin is an egg protein which is globular in structure with polar groups placed at the protein surface. It is present in the clear liquid which is present inside the egg. It consists of 90% water into which is dissolved in 10% proteins. 
    Haematin is obtained by oxidation of haeme group of haemoglobin. It stimulates the synthesis of globulin. It is not a protein.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which one is absent in protein?
    Solution
    Proteins are made up of amino acids. The amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds to form a protein. The amino acids consist of amine group made up of nitrogen and hydrogen and the carboxyl group at the end and a side chain of R group which is specific to a particular amino acid. Carboxyl is formed by carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen (COOH). Cysteine and methionine are the proteins which consist of sulphur.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which is false about prosthetic groups?
    Solution
    Many enzymes show enzymatic activity only in association with certain non protein substances. Such substances are known as cofactors. Cofactors may be simple ions such as magnesium or potassium ions or complex organic compounds. An organic non-protein cofactor which is easily separable from the enzyme is called coenzyme and the non-protein organic cofactor which is tightly bound to and non-dissociable from the enzyme is termed as prosthetic group. The organic cofactors directly reduce the activation energy and thus form a functional part of active site of enzyme. They act as carriers of chemical groups, atoms or electrons removed from the substrates during reactions.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.  
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Ribose sugar is not a component of
    Solution
    RNA contains ribose sugar. It is a five carbon sugar. The molecular formula is C$$_5$$H$$_{10}$$O$$_5$$. It is a monosaccharide. DNA has deoxyribose sugar. Deoxyribose sugar has hydrogen at second carbon. The sugar is linked to nitrogenous base at the first carbon by glycosidic bond. It is a pentose sugar having molecular formula of C$$_5$$H$$_{10}$$O$$_4$$.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Enzymes with heme as prosthetic group are 
    (a) Catalase
    (b) Carboxypeptidase
    (c) Succinic dehydrogenase
    (d) Peroxidase
    Solution
    Certain enzymes are made up of two parts - a protein part of enzyme called apoenzyme and a non-protein part called cofactor. Such enzymes are called conjugated enzymes. The working combination of apoenzyme and cofactor together form the holoenzyme. Organic cofactors are of two types- coenzymes and prosthetic groups. Coenzymes are easily separable organic cofactors while prosthetic groups are non-protein organic cofactors firmly associated with protein part of enzyme called apoenzyme. Heme is iron containing prosthetic group in hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochrome, catalase and peroxidase. Catalase and peroxidase cause the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water. Carboxypeptidase requires zinc for its activity.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.  
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Identify the wrong statemets.
    $$(a)$$ The substrate binds to active site of enzyme and not fitting into active site
    $$(b)$$ The binding of substrate induces the enzyme to alter its shape
    $$(c)$$ Chemical bonds of substrate break down not to form new enzyme-product complex
    $$(d)$$ The enzyme releases the products of the reaction and runs through catalytic cycle once again
    Solution
    The given statements explain the catalytic cycle of an enzyme action. 
    1. The first statement is wrong as the substrate binds to the active site of enzyme and fits into it. This is because the shape of the substrate is complementary to the shape of enzyme active site and thus enzymes are substrate specific.
    2. Then the binding of the substrate induces a conformational change in the shape of enzyme to tightly fit the substrate. Thus the second statement is correct. 
    3. The active site of enzyme now in close proximity of the substrate breaks the chemical bonds of the substrate and the new enzyme substrate complex is formed. Thus, the statement 3 is wrong. 
    4. Finally the enzyme releases the products of reaction and the free enzyme is ready to bind to another molecule of substrate  and run through the catalytic cycle once again.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
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