Biomolecules Test

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Biomolecules Test - 29

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Question 1
1 / -0

Sugar and amino acids are

A
Primary metabolites

B
Secondary metabolites

C
Feed stock

D
Inoculum
Solution
- Sugars are carbohydrates that are sweet in taste.
- Amino acids are constituent monomers of proteins.
- Both are primary metabolites because they are the first biomolecules synthesized from inorganic elements like nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- Secondary metabolites include resins, alkaloids, terpenes, etc which are synthesized in plants from primary metabolites and are not directly involved in the primary metabolism of plants but confer some special properties like defense, aroma, color, etc.
- Inoculum is used in microbiology to denote a part of a microbial culture that can be used for various purposes.
- Feedstock has a different meaning in different concepts and may be used to denote raw material or start material in industrial microbiology.
Question 2
1 / -0

Enzymes are mainly composed of:

A
carbohydrates

B
nucleic acids

C
globular proteins

D
fibrous proteins

Solution

Enzymes are mainly composed of globular proteins. When an enzyme is formed, it is made by stringing together between 100 and 1,000 amino acids in a very specific and unique order. The chain of amino acids then folds into a unique shape. That shape allows the enzyme to carry out specific chemical reactions -- an enzyme acts as a very efficient catalyst for a specific chemical reaction. Enzymes are, in general, globular proteins.
Question 3
1 / -0

The term 'Protein' is derived from the Greek word 'Proteios' which means

A
Big in size

B
Tiny

C
Neutral

D
Of prime importance

Solution

The term protein is derived from the Greek word "proteious' which means of prime importance, as proteins are major structural and functional components of the body
So, the correct answer is 'of prime importance'
Question 4
1 / -0

Glycogen is found in

A
Mitochondria

B
Kreb's cycle

C
Cytoplasm

D
None of these

Solution

Glycogen is a storage form of glucose in animals. Animals usually store glucose as glycogen in liver and muscles. Glycogen is found in the form of granules in the cytosol/ cytoplasm of the liver and muscle cells.
Question 5
1 / -0

................... promotes softening of fruits.

A
Polygalacturonase

B
Colchicine

C
Polyethylene glycol

D
Cellulase

E
Brazzein

Solution

Polygalacturonase (PG), otherwise called as pectinase is involved in fruit ripening. PGs degrades polygalacturonans present in the cell walls of plants by hydrolysis of the glycosidic bonds that link galacturonic acid residues.
Question 6
1 / -0

Hydrolysis of nucleic acid yields

A
Only sugar

B
Phosphoric acid only

C
Nitrogenous base only

D
All the above

Solution

D. All of the above
Solution: As the DNA or the nucleic acid has 3 components namely the phosphate group, sugar, and nitrogenous bases. So the hydrolysis will yield all of them.
So the correct answer is " all of the above".
Question 7
1 / -0

Mark the incorrect statement.

A
The building blocks of lipids are amino acids.

B
Majority of enzymes contain a non-protein part called the prosthetic group.

C
The thylakoids are arranged one above the other like a stack of coins forming a granum.

D
Crossing-over occurs at pachytene stage of meiosis I.

E
Steroids are complex compounds commonly found in cell membranes and animal hormones.

Solution

Lipids are chemically most diverse group of biomolecules. Fatty acids are long chain acids containing long chains of carbon and a terminal carboxylic group. Amino acids are constituent monomers of proteins.
Question 8
1 / -0

What is cellulose?

A
Monosaccharide

B
Disaccharide

C
Homoglycan pentosan

D
Homoglycan hexosan

Solution

Cellulose is a homopolysaccharide made up of many units of hexose sugar glucose. Hence, it is called as homoglycan hexosan.
Question 9
1 / -0

Select the incorrect statement.

A
Amino acids are substituent methanes.

B
Glycerol is a trihydroxy propane.

C
Lysine is a neutral amino acid.

D
Lecithin is a phospholipid.

E
Adenosine is a nucleoside.
Solution
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Amino acids are substituted methanes because they contain four substituent groups, hydrogen; carboxyl group, amino group, and a variable group.
Glycerol is a trihydroxypropane.
Lysine is a basic amino acid
Lecithin is a phospholipid.
Adenosine is a nucleoside (nitrogenous base + pentose sugar).
So, the correct answer is option C.

Question 10

1 / -0

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

Recombinant DNA - DNA formed by the joining of segments of DNA from different sources

Purine - Nitrogenous bases cytosine, thymine and uracil

ATP - The principal energy carrying compound in the cell

r-RNA - RNA molecules found in ribosomes

Solution

Correct Option: B

Explanation:

Purines	Pyrimidines
Six and five-membered nitrogen-containing rings are fused together to form purines.	A six-membered nitrogen-containing ring forms pyrimidine.
2 purines, i.e. guanine and adenine are found in the DNA/RNA.	3 pyrimidines i.e. thymine, uracil or cytosine are found in the RNA/DNA.
A purine nucleoside is suffixed as -osine.	A pyrimidine nucleoside is suffixed as -idine.

Hence, option B is incorrectly matched as guanine and adenine are the purines

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Biomolecules Test - 29

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Biomolecules Test - 29

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Question 1

Primary metabolites

Secondary metabolites

Feed stock

Inoculum

Solution

Question 2

carbohydrates

nucleic acids

globular proteins

fibrous proteins

Solution

Question 3

Big in size

Tiny

Neutral

Of prime importance

Solution

Question 4

Mitochondria

Kreb's cycle

Cytoplasm

None of these

Solution

Question 5

Polygalacturonase

Colchicine

Polyethylene glycol

Cellulase

Brazzein

Solution

Question 6

Only sugar

Phosphoric acid only

Nitrogenous base only

All the above

Solution

Question 7

The building blocks of lipids are amino acids.

Majority of enzymes contain a non-protein part called the prosthetic group.

The thylakoids are arranged one above the other like a stack of coins forming a granum.

Crossing-over occurs at pachytene stage of meiosis I.

Steroids are complex compounds commonly found in cell membranes and animal hormones.

Solution

Question 8

Monosaccharide

Disaccharide

Homoglycan pentosan

Homoglycan hexosan

Solution

Question 9

Amino acids are substituent methanes.

Glycerol is a trihydroxy propane.

Lysine is a neutral amino acid.

Lecithin is a phospholipid.

Adenosine is a nucleoside.

Solution

Question 10

Recombinant DNA - DNA formed by the joining of segments of DNA from different sources

Purine - Nitrogenous bases cytosine, thymine and uracil

ATP - The principal energy carrying compound in the cell

r-RNA - RNA molecules found in ribosomes

Solution

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