Biomolecules Test

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Biomolecules Test - 31

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Question 1
1 / -0

Non-proteinaceous enzyme that acts as a catalyst for the formation of peptide bond is
OR
"All enzymes are proteins." This statement is now modified because an apparent exception to this biological truth is

A
Spliceosome

B
Ribozyme

C
RNA polymerase I

D
RNA polymerase III

Solution

Ribozymes or RNA enzymes are catalytic RNA molecules. The first ribozyme discovered was self splicing group I intron. The second catalytic RNA was RNAase P which separates tRNA from hn RNA at their 5' ends. Peptidyl transferase involved in translation of proteins is also catalytic RNA. Telomerase is a ribonulceoprotein enzyme. It is involved in replication of terminal DNA or telomeres.
Question 2
1 / -0

In ATP, the high energy bond is the one which links

A
Adenine with ribose

B
Ribose with phosphate

C
Adenine with phosphate

D
Phosphate to phosphate

Solution

ATP stands for Adenosine Tri-Phosphate. Adenine is attached to first or alpha phosphate through an ester bond formed between the phosphoric acid and hydroxyl group present at the carbon atom number five of the sugar. None of these bonds are high energy bonds because these can be produced relatively easily to form AMP (Adenosine Mono Phosphate). Next, another molecule of phosphoric acid reacts with the alpha phosphorous of AMP and attaches through an acid anhydride bond formed between two acids, thus forming ADP (Adenosine Di-Phosphate). A similar reaction will give rise to ATP (Adenosine Tri-Phosphate) in a similar fashion. The hydrolysis of ATP releases energy as the third phosphate is transferred to the another molecule and bond between second and third phosphate breaks to release energy as it is the high energy bond.
Question 3
1 / -0

All chemical characteristics are common to living beings, except

A
Type of protein present in the body.

B
Similar triple code for amino acids.

C
Energy is stored by high phosphate bonds.

D
Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis.

Solution

Proteins are synthesized as a result of genetic code translation. Thus, the amount and type of protein varies in different life forms.
Question 4
1 / -0

Co-enzyme is

A
Always a protein

B
Often a vitamin

C
Always an inorganic compound

D
Often a metal

Solution

A coenzyme is a nonprotein organic substrate which works along with the enzymes and aids in their catalytic function. They bind loosely to the enzyme and provide the transferring site for them. They are mostly vitamins or derived from vitamins. They often function as intermediate carriers of electrons, specific atoms or functional groups that are transferred in the overall reactions.
NAD (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) composed of niacin
FAD (Flavin adenine dinucleotide) composed of vitamin B$$_2$$
Thiamine pyrophosphate composed of vitamin B$$_1$$
Pyridoxal phosphate composed of vitamin B$$_6$$
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 5
1 / -0

Select the type of enzyme involved in the above reaction.
$$\boxed{S - G + S' \rightarrow S + S' - G}$$

A
Dehydrogenase

B
Transferase

C
Hydrolase

D
Lyase

E
Isomerase

Solution

Transferases are the enzymes that catalyze group transfer reactions. In the figure, one group G has been transferred to another group S'. It is a classical example of a group transfer reaction.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which one of the following enzyme contains 'Mn' metallic ion as the prosthetic group?

A
Phosphatase

B
Dehydrogenase

C
Peptidase

D
Catalase

Solution

Prosthetic groups are tightly bound cofactors. Peptidase enzymes hydrolyze peptide bonds. Peptidase enzymes require manganese ion for their activity as prosthetic group.
Question 7
1 / -0

NADP is

A
A coenzyme

B
A part of tRNA

C
An enzyme

D
A part of rRNA
Solution
Solution:

Correct answer is option A.
Explanation for correct option:
Co-enzymes are organic compounds, bound to the enzyme to make the enzyme catalytically active, but their association with the enzyme is the only transient, usually occurring during the course of catalysis.
Co-enzymes serve as co-factors in a number of different enzyme catalyzed reactions.
The essential chemical components of many coenzymes are vitamins, e.g., coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) contain the vitamin niacin.
Question 8
1 / -0

Digestive enzymes are found in

A
Lysosomes

B
Mitochondria

C
Chloroplast

D
All of the above

Solution

Lysosomes are membrane-bound vesicles that contain digestive enzymes, such as glycosidases, proteases and sulfatases. Lysosomal enzymes are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), are transported to the Golgi apparatus, and are tagged for lysosomes by the addition of mannose-6-phosphate label. Digestive enzymes are not found in chloroplast and mitochondria.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following coenzyme is a derivative of pantothenic acid (Vitamin B complex)?

A
NAD

B
NADP

C
FAD

D
CoA

Solution

Coenzymes are non-protein part of an enzyme. These are organic molecules that bind with the protein molecule to form the active enzyme.
Pantothenic acid is a water-soluble vitamin B$$_5$$. It is required by the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase to synthesize coenzyme-A (CoA) which is a primary substrate for Kreb's cycle. Pantothenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA, CoASH) and forms part of the “swinging sulfhydryl arm” of the fatty acid synthase complex.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 10
1 / -0

The permeases are

A
Structural membrane proteins

B
Enzymatic membrane proteins

C
Carrier membrane proteins

D
None of the above

Solution

The permeases or porter proteins are membrane transport proteins, a class of multipass transmembrane proteins that facilitate the diffusion of a specific molecule in or out of the cell by passive transport. Multipass proteins are the proteins whose primary structure, i.e., amino acid chain passes several times through the width of plasma membrane. Thus, they are intrinsic membrane proteins.

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Biomolecules Test - 31

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Biomolecules Test - 31

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Spliceosome

Ribozyme

RNA polymerase I

RNA polymerase III

Solution

Question 2

Adenine with ribose

Ribose with phosphate

Adenine with phosphate

Phosphate to phosphate

Solution

Question 3

Type of protein present in the body.

Similar triple code for amino acids.

Energy is stored by high phosphate bonds.

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis.

Solution

Question 4

Always a protein

Often a vitamin

Always an inorganic compound

Often a metal

Solution

Question 5

Dehydrogenase

Transferase

Hydrolase

Lyase

Isomerase

Solution

Question 6

Phosphatase

Dehydrogenase

Peptidase

Catalase

Solution

Question 7

A coenzyme

A part of tRNA

An enzyme

A part of rRNA

Solution

Question 8

Lysosomes

Mitochondria

Chloroplast

All of the above

Solution

Question 9

NAD

NADP

FAD

CoA

Solution

Question 10

Structural membrane proteins

Enzymatic membrane proteins

Carrier membrane proteins

None of the above

Solution

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