Biomolecules Test

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Biomolecules Test - 36

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Question 1
1 / -0

The enzyme which can cut molecules of DNA into segments is known as

A
DNA polymerase

B
DNA ligase

C
Restriction enzyme

D
DNA gyrase

Solution

The enzyme which can cut molecules of DNA into segments is known as restriction enzyme. Restriction enzymes are also known as molecular scissors. It is a very important tool for recombinant DNA technology. Restriction enzyme was isolated in the year 1963 from the E. coli. Restriction enzymes belong to a larger class of enzymes called Nucleases. They cut DNA at special pelindromic sequence. Restriction enzymes are of two types - Restriction endonuclease and Restriction exonuclease.
Question 2
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Hormones, enzymes and vitamins are included in same group of biochemicals because these all

A
Composed of proteins

B
Regulate oxidative metabolism

C
Synthesized in animal body

D
Help to regulate the metabolism

Solution

Neither all hormones nor all enzymes are made up of proteins. Vitamins are not synthesized in human body. Many hormones do not directly regulate oxidative metabolism. All three hormones, vitamins and enzymes are essential for normal body metabolism and help to regulate the metabolism.
Question 3
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One of the following can be called informational molecules of the cell.

A
Fatty acids and carbohydrates

B
Proteins and nucleic acids

C
Carbohydrates and nucleic acids

D
Fatty acids and nucleic acids
Question 4
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What is keratin?

A
Fibrous proteins

B
Characteristic of rhinoceros horn

C
Selenoproteins

D
All of the above

Solution

Keratin is a family of fibrous structural proteins. Keratin is the key structural material, which makes the outer layer of human skin.
Rhino horns are composed largely of the protein keratin.
Keratin is a structural protein rich in sulphur. It is selenoprotein.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Question 5
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Which of the following mucopolysaccharides is yielded by sea weeds?

A
Agar

B
Alginic acid

C
Carrageenan

D
All of the above

Solution

The term sea weeds refers to aquatic plants like algae. Carrageenan is a product of several sea weeds but principally Chondrus crispus.
Agar is manufactured from Gelidium of Rhodophyceae.
The alginic acid is manufactured from the cell wall of Phaeophyceae algae.
Question 6
1 / -0

Aleuronaplasts are

A
Starch granules

B
Protein granules

C
Fats

D
All of the above

Solution

Proteinoplasts (sometimes called proteoplasts, aleuroplasts, and aleuronaplasts) are specialized organelles found only in plant cells. They contain crystalline bodies of protein and can be the sites of enzyme activity involving those proteins.
Question 7
1 / -0

The cytochromes are

A
Peroxidase

B
Iron protoporphyrin

C
Pyridine nucleotides

D
Metal containing flavoproteins

Solution

Cytochromes are iron-porphyrin or heme proteins discovered by MacCunn. Cytochromes are bound to inner mitochondrial membrane and are primarily responsible for the generation of ATP via mitochondrial electron transport system. Whereas all other cytochromes have iron only, the cytochrome a possesses both iron and copper. With iron it picks up electrons and through copper it hands over electrons to oxygen.
Question 8
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One of the following suggests the chemical similarity between aminoacids and fattyacids

A

B

C

D

Solution

Fatty acids are chains of hydrocarbons which end in carboxylic group. Length of hydrocarbon chain part of fatty acids is 4 to 24 carbons. Amino acids are amphoteric compounds having both a basic (amino) as well as an acidic (carboxylic) group attached to same ($$\alpha$$) carbon atom.
Question 9
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Match the nucleic acid and its model from the given columns.
Nucleic acid Model
(A) DNA (p) Double helical
(B) tRNA (two dimensional) (q) Clover leaf
(C) tRNA (three dimensional) (r) Hair pin
(D) rRNA (s) L Shape

A
A-p, B-q, C-s, D-r

B
A-p, B-r, C-q, D-s

C
A-p, B-s, C-q, D-r

D
A-p, B-s, C-r, D-q

Solution

The most widely accepted, secondary structure of DNA is the double helical structure as described by Watson and Crick.
tRNA is a small molecule. It's two dimensional structure is the cloverleaf structure with distinct arms produced by standard Watson-Crick base pairing. In the three dimensional, however, the tRNA looks like an inverted L.
The rRNA is a component of ribosomes. It has hairpin structure due to the presence of complementary bases on a single strand. The hairpin structure interacts with mRNA and tRNA during protein synthesis process.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 10
1 / -0

The pentose sugar present in genetic material of polio virus is

A
Ribose

B
Deoxyribose

C
Sucrose

D
Fructose

Solution

Most of the virus particles have either DNA or RNA as their genetic material. Further different virus particles may have single stranded or double stranded strands of these nucleic acids. Single stranded RNA is found in most of the RNA viruses example tobacco mosaic virus, influenza virus, poliomyelitis virus, the bacteriophage MS-2, the bacterial viruses F2 and R17 (coliphage) and the avian leukemia virus.
RNA is a polymer of ribonucleotides. Ribonucleotides are phosphoric acid esters of ribonucleosides. Ribonucleosides are made up of ribose sugars and nitrogenous bases.
So, the correct answer is option A.

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Nucleic acid	Model
(A) DNA	(p) Double helical
(B) tRNA (two dimensional)	(q) Clover leaf
(C) tRNA (three dimensional)	(r) Hair pin
(D) rRNA	(s) L Shape

Biomolecules Test - 36

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Biomolecules Test - 36

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Question 1

DNA polymerase

DNA ligase

Restriction enzyme

DNA gyrase

Solution

Question 2

Composed of proteins

Regulate oxidative metabolism

Synthesized in animal body

Help to regulate the metabolism

Solution

Question 3

Fatty acids and carbohydrates

Proteins and nucleic acids

Carbohydrates and nucleic acids

Fatty acids and nucleic acids

Question 4

Fibrous proteins

Characteristic of rhinoceros horn

Selenoproteins

All of the above

Solution

Question 5

Agar

Alginic acid

Carrageenan

All of the above

Solution

Question 6

Starch granules

Protein granules

Fats

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

Peroxidase

Iron protoporphyrin

Pyridine nucleotides

Metal containing flavoproteins

Solution

Question 8

Solution

Question 9

A-p, B-q, C-s, D-r

A-p, B-r, C-q, D-s

A-p, B-s, C-q, D-r

A-p, B-s, C-r, D-q

Solution

Question 10

Ribose

Deoxyribose

Sucrose

Fructose

Solution

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