Biomolecules Test

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Biomolecules Test - 37

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Feulgen test is unique for DNA which is

A
Gentian violet

B
Neutral red

C
Basic fuchsin

D
Cotton blue

Solution

Basic dyes stain chromosomes and other nuclear structures. Examples of such dyes are Basic fuchsin, Crystal Violet, Methyl Green, Safranin. Feulgen or Schiff's Reagent was developed by Feulgen and Rossenbeck in 1924. It employs basic fuchsin after acid hydrolysis. The reaction is specific for DNA. Acid hydrolase separates purines and exposes aldehyde groups of deoxyribose sugar which react with Schiff's reagent to produce the stain.
So, the correct answer is 'Basic fuchsin'.
Question 2
1 / -0

How many number of amino acids are present in the plant, animal and microbial proteins?

A
20

B
80

C
150

D
200
Solution
- Amino acids are colourless crystalline, water-soluble, and aminated organic acids formed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, and sulphur.
- There are some 200 known amino acids out of which 20 occur naturally in proteins.
- There are 20 amino acids that are most commonly found in proteins and more specifically, those encoded by the DNA. Other amino acids occur as the result of a modification to these amino acids.
- So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 3
1 / -0

The difference between the two nucleic acids DNA and RNA can be characterized by the presence of .......... in the latter.

A
Adenine purine and loss of one oxygen atom

B
Phosphodiester bonds and $$5' - 3'$$ chain orientation

C
Uracil pyrimidine

D
Thymine pyrimidine and ribose sugar

Solution

RNA is ribonucleic acid made up of ribonucleotides. DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid made up of deoxyribonucleotides. The ribonucleotides are made up of the ribose sugar, phosphoric acid, and nitrogenous bases. The deoxyribonucleotides are made up of 2' deoxyribose sugar, phosphoric acid, and nitrogenous bases.
The nitrogenous bases which are a component of ribonucleotides are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. The nitrogenous bases which are the component of deoxyribonucleotides are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 4
1 / -0

All nucleic acids are

A
Polymers of nucleotides

B
Polymers of amino acids

C
Double - stranded

D
Double - helical and contain deoxyribose

Solution

Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides. They are formed of long chains of nucleotides which are joined together. RNA (ribonucleic acid) is predominantly single-stranded and is a polymer of ribonucleotides.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

If there is 20% adenine in DNA, the percentage of guanine will be

A
20%

B
40%

C
10%

D
None of the above

Solution

As per Chargaff's rule in a molecule of DNA, the amount of adenine is equal to thymine and amount of guanine is equal to cytosine. So if the percentage of adenine is 20 so the percentage of thymine will be 20 and the percentage of cytosine will be 80 percent, so, the amount of guanine should also be 80 percent. Because, according to this model, adenine always base pairs with thymine with the help of two hydrogen bonds and guanine base pairs with cytosine with the help of a triple hydrogen bond.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 6
1 / -0

When ATP is hydrolyzed, which of the bond is cleaved?

A
P-O-P bond

B
Sugar phosphate

C
Phosphate nucleotide bond

D
Nucleotide sugar bond

Solution

ATP is adenosine triphosphate. The molecule carries three phosphorus residues. The first phosphorous is attached to nucleoside adenosine through an ester linkage, whereas, the other two phosphorous are attached through an acid anhydride bond. The third phosphorous is bound to second phosphorous through a high energy acid anhydride bond and similarly second phosphorous is attached to the first phosphorous through another high energy acid anhydride bond. These acid anhydride bonds release energy when they are hydrolyzed because they are high energy bonds. The ester bond linking first phosphorus to the nucleoside is not a high energy bond. So, when ATP is hydrolyzed P-O-P bond will be cleaved.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which statement is false regarding nucleic acids?

A
Base pairing occurs between purine and pyrimidine

B
The two nucleotide chains in DNA have opposite polarity

C
Guanine : cytosine bonding involves the formation of two hydrogen bonds

D
A hydrogen-bonded base pairs in a DNA double helix forms an approximately planar structure

Solution

The purine bases of one nucleotide chain form hydrogen bonds with the pyrimidine bases present directly opposite them on the other chain. The hydrogen bonds are formed in the polar aqueous environment. The adenine base pairs with thymine with two hydrogen bonds and guanine base pairs with cytosine with three hydrogen bonds.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
1 / -0

The information in a genetic nucleic acid resides in

A
The number of nucleotides

B
The kind of nucleotides

C
The sequence nucleotides

D
All of the above

Solution

Nucleic acids serve as a genetic repository. The genetic information is represented by the nucleotide type and composition and arrangement of nucleotide, i.e., nucleotide sequence. The sequence of nucleotides decides the sequence of amino acid in the proteins encoded by the genome.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 9
1 / -0

If in a nucleic acid there are more than 8000 nucleotides it is most likely

A
RNA

B
DNA

C
Both A and B

D
None of the above

Solution

DNA molecules are typically large molecules. Entire DNA molecule does not code for proteins. Only a small portion of DNA actually codes for proteins. The protein coding is a two step procedure. In the first step, DNA is transcribed into RNA and in the next stage, RNA is translated into proteins. As RNA is derived from the coding region of DNA, typically RNA is much smaller than the molecule of DNA.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which structure represents a lipid molecule?

A

B

C

D

Solution

Triglycerides or true fats are esters of three molecules of fatty acids and one molecule of trihydric alcohol glycerol. Hence, they are also called triglycerides. The figure in option D represent a molecule of triglyceride.

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Biomolecules Test - 37

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Biomolecules Test - 37

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Gentian violet

Neutral red

Basic fuchsin

Cotton blue

Solution

Question 2

20

80

150

200

Solution

Question 3

Adenine purine and loss of one oxygen atom

Phosphodiester bonds and $$5' - 3'$$ chain orientation

Uracil pyrimidine

Thymine pyrimidine and ribose sugar

Solution

Question 4

Polymers of nucleotides

Polymers of amino acids

Double - stranded

Double - helical and contain deoxyribose

Solution

Question 5

20%

40%

10%

None of the above

Solution

Question 6

P-O-P bond

Sugar phosphate

Phosphate nucleotide bond

Nucleotide sugar bond

Solution

Question 7

Base pairing occurs between purine and pyrimidine

The two nucleotide chains in DNA have opposite polarity

Guanine : cytosine bonding involves the formation of two hydrogen bonds

A hydrogen-bonded base pairs in a DNA double helix forms an approximately planar structure

Solution

Question 8

The number of nucleotides

The kind of nucleotides

The sequence nucleotides

All of the above

Solution

Question 9

RNA

DNA

Both A and B

None of the above

Solution

Question 10

Solution

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