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Biomolecules Test - 38

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Biomolecules Test - 38
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is incorrect? 
    Solution
    Correct Answer: D
    Explanation:

    • Nucleic acids are long-chain polymers of nucleotides. Nucleotides are phosphoric acid esters of nucleosides. 
    • Nucleosides are made by the formation of a glycosidic bond between nitrogenous bases and pentose sugars.
    • All of the bonds in a single chain of nucleotides are covalent bonds.
    • In DNA, two chains of nucleotides are associated together by hydrogen bonds between nitrogen bases.
    • Adenine forms two hydrogen bonds with thymine and guanine forms three hydrogen bonds with cytosine. 
    • Proteins are made up of multiple peptide chains.
    • Peptides are polymers made up of amino acids. In a peptide chain, amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Pyrimidines of RNA are
    Solution
    Ribonucleic acid is a long polymer of ribonucleotides. Each ribonucleotide is made up of the ribose sugar, phosphoric acid, and a nitrogenous base. The nitrogenous bases in ribonucleotides are of two types- purine bases (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidine bases (cytosine and uracil).
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The RNA and DNA differ in having different 
    Solution
    RNA is ribonucleic acid made up of ribonucleotides. DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid made up of deoxyribonucleotides. The ribonucleotides have ribose sugar, phosphoric acid, and nitrogenous bases. The deoxyribonucleotides are made up of 2' deoxyribose sugar, phosphoric acid, and nitrogenous bases. The nitrogenous bases which are a component of ribonucleotides are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. The nitrogenous bases which are a component of deoxyribonucleotides are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Nitrogen base is held with sugar by which type of bondage?
    Solution
    A nucleotide is a compound made up of a nitrogen base, a pentose sugar, and phosphate. Phosphate combines with sugar at its fifth carbon atom, sugar combines with nitrogen base at first carbon atom. The base is bonded through its N9 position in case of purines and N1 in case of pyrimidine through a glycosidic bond. 
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Mg is important
    Solution
    Magnesium is an important macronutrient required by plants in large quantity. Magnesium is a constituent of chlorophyll pigment and is required as an essential cofactor for all the reactions catalysed by kinase enzymes like hexokinase. Magnesium is also important for structural integrity of ribosomes. Ribosomes are the cell organelles involved in protein synthesis.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The affinity for oxygen is found in which of the following pigments?
    Solution
    Respiratory pigments like haemoglobin, myoglobin have affinity for oxygen. Haemoglobin functions as oxygen carrier and myoglobin serves to store oxygen in muscles. Cytochromes are inner mitochondrial membrane-bound heme proteins containing heme groups and are primarily responsible for the generation of ATP via electron transport. They participate in redox reactions and have affinity for oxygen.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    If in a man, normal glucose conc. increases to 190 mg/100 ml. Which of the following will occur?
    Solution
    The blood glucose level in body is tightly regulated by a number of mechanism. The normal blood glucose level in humans should not exceed 140 mg per decilitre after meals and is maintained between 70 to 100 mg per decilitre under fasting conditions without food. Glucose is a precious metabolite and, hence, is actively reabsorbed by the kidney tubules. Any excess quantity of glucose is converted into glycogen which is stored in liver and muscles. Any further excess is converted to fats and stored for long term deposit. In humans and most other mammals, acetyl CoA formed in the liver during oxidation of fatty acids may enter the citric acid cycle or may be converted to ketone bodies, i.e., acetoacetate, $$\beta$$-hydroxy-butyrate and acetone for export to other tissues. Overproduction of ketone bodies can occur in conditions of severe starvation and in uncontrolled diabetes.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Agar agar is composed of 
    Solution

    • Agar is an unbranched polysaccharide of galactose sugar. 
    • It is used as a gelling agent. 
    • It was obtained from the cell walls of some specific red algae like Gelidium and Gracilaria.

    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Nucleic acid was first isolated from pus cells by  
    Solution
    Friedrich Miescher used the exudate from pus covered bandages to isolate the substance nuclein. In 1869, Friedrich Miescher isolated "nuclein," DNA with associated proteins, from cell nuclei. He was the first to identify DNA as a distinct molecule.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    How many high energy bonds are present in ADP?
    Solution
    Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) carries two phosphate molecules. One of the phosphorous molecules is bound to the nucleoside adenosine through an ester bond, which is not high energy bond. The second phosphorous is attached to the first phosphorous through an acid anhydride bond. This is a high energy bond because it forms with difficulty. This bond forms with difficulty because it forms when a molecule of phosphoric acid reacts with another phosphoric acid molecule. Thus, ADP has only one high energy bond whereas ATP has two high-energy bonds. Only acid anhydride bonds are high energy bonds, not the ester bonds. So, the correct answer is option A.
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