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Biomolecules Test - 54

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Biomolecules Test - 54
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The given figure shows a graph representing reaction rate versus substrate concentration. The last part of the curve shows the plateau formation because

    Solution
    The reaction is catalysed with the help of the enzyme which increases the rate of reaction. The substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme and the product is formed. In the graph, there is a plateau region at the end of the graph. This region denotes that the all the substrate present in the reaction has been converted to the product. There are no more substrates left and so the rate of the reaction becomes stable. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option C. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0

    Biomolecules occur in the cellular pool as

    Solution
    Cellular pool is the collection of thousands of biomolecules. It contains both organic and inorganic molecules. It is present in two phases, aqueous and non-aqueous phase. Aqueous phase comprises of solute in true solution called as crystalloids and collids in colloidal solution. Non-aqueous phase comprises of insoluble chemicals in cellular structure like cell membrane, cell wall.
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The dotted line with label A on the graph represents which of the following?

    Solution
    • Enzymes are biocatalysts that speed up reactions. They do so by reducing the amount of activation energy required for a reaction to proceed. In the graph, the dotted line and the solid line shown in the activated complex area represent the activation energy required for a reaction to take place under 2 different circumstances. 
    • The dotted is lower than the solid line; indicating that the activation energy required for the reaction to occur is lower in the presence of 'A'. Thus, 'A' here represents an enzyme that is lowering the activation energy and increasing the rate of the reaction. 
    • So, the correct option is B
  • Question 4
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    Which of the following statements is false with respect to an enzyme's ability to catalyse a reaction?
    Solution
    An enzyme allows the reaction to go through a more stable transition state than would normally be the case. An enzyme provides an alternate pathway having lower activation energy. The statement (C) is false with respect to an enzyme's ability to catalyses a reaction.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The chemical reaction that some heterotrophs use to metabolize free energy from carbohydrates, lipids and proteins is called
    Solution
    The organisms which derive its energy by the breakdown of organic matter are known as chemo organoheterotroph. They hydrolyze the complex organic compound like carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins by chemical reaction and converts them into simpler compounds which can be easily metabolized to form energy.
    Hydroloysis is an exergonic reaction which involves the splitting of bonds due to additions of water. This is used by several heterotrophs to derive energy from complex molecules by splitting of bonds by addition of water.
    Decomposers are a suitable example of  chemo organoheterotroph.

  • Question 6
    1 / -0
     In catabolic series of reaction, complex molecules are broken down into smaller molecules releasing
    Solution
    Catabolic reactions involve breaking down larger and complex molecules into smaller and simpler molecules releasing energy in the process. Anabolic reactions, on the other hand, involves building complex/macromolecules from simple and smaller molecules. The energy that is released is sometimes used to raise the temperature of the cell or it is stored in the form of high energy chemical bonds (e.g. Phosphoanhydride bond in the ATP). Under aerobic conditions, the complete catabolic breakdown of glucose yields energy which is stored in the form of 38 ATPs. So, the correct option is C.

  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    How do enzymes change the rate of a chemical reaction?
    Solution
    To complete any reaction there is a potential barrier i.e. energy, enzyme works as catalyst and lowers the activation energy for a reactant to reach the potential barier easily and fast that's how the enzyme increases the speed of rectenct particles to change in the product.
    Example :- Carbonic anhydrase enezyme increase the speed million times to changethe $$CO_2$$ into bicorbonate$$(HCO_3^{-})$$

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    As shown in the image, a series of enzymes catalyze the reaction that changes Molecule A into Molecule C. Presence of Molecule C competitively inhibits the actions of Enzyme A. Which of the following is the most likely result of the presence of large amounts of Molecule C?

    Solution
    In the given operon, there are two enzymes which convert molecule A into molecule C. Molecule C acts as a competitive inhibitor for the enzyme A, which is required for the conversion of molecule A to molecule B. If large amount of molecule C are introduced in the given reaction, then it will act as competitive inhibitor and would bind to molecule A instead of enzyme A binding to it. This will in turn decrease the concentration of molecule B followed by molecule C. However, it will not affect the concentration of enzyme B or molecule A.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'The concentration of Molecule B will decrease.'
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    As shown in the image, a series of enzymes catalyze the conversion of Molecule A to Molecule C. Molecule C functions as a corepressor for the operon controlling production of Enzyme A.
    Which of the following scenarios would most likely result from the introduction of a large amount of Molecule C?

    Solution
    In the given operon, there are two enzymes which convert molecule A into molecule C. Molecule C acts as a corepressor molecule which controls the production of enzyme A, which is required for the conversion of molecule A to molecule B. If large amount of molecule C are introduced in the given reaction, then it will act as corepressor and would decrease the concentration of enzyme A. This will in turn decrease the concentration of molecule B followed by molecule C. However, it will not affect the concentration of enzyme B or molecule A.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Concentration of Enzyme A will decrease.'
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Organisms undergo processes that require energy and produce energy. Processes such as photosynthesis, cellular respiration, reproduction, and movement are just a few of these processes. Which of these best describes the energy available to do cellular work?
    Solution
    Free energy is the capacity of a system to do work in an exothermic reaction
    So, the correct answer is 'Free energy'
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