Biomolecules Test

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Biomolecules Test - 55

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which macromolecule is used by most living things to transmit genetic information from one generation to the next?

A
Nucleic acid

B
Carbohydrate

C
Protein

D
Lipid

Solution

Nucleic acids majorly in the form of DNA and sometimes in the form of RNA in certain type of plant viruses is used for transmission of genetic information from one organism to another.
So, the correct answer is 'Nucleic acid'
Question 2
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The graph shows the amount of product formed as substrate concentration increases while the enzyme concentration is held constant.
Which of these explains why the graph levels off at high substrate best concentration?

A
The reaction has gone to completion

B
The rate of product formation has slowed due to the addition of an inhibitor

C
No more substrate is available to be converted into product

D
The enzyme has been used up and the product cannot be formed without it

E
All active sites of available enzymes are saturated with the maximum amount of substrate

Solution

Enzyme concentration affects the rate of reaction. If the substrate concentration is increased, the rate of enzyme reaction also rises. Beyond a certain point, however, the enzyme becomes saturated with substrate molecules. Further increase in reaction velocity occurs only if the enzyme concentration is increased.

So, the correct answer is 'All active sites of available enzymes are saturated with the maximum amount of substrate'
Question 3
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Synthesis of complex molecule in living things from simpler one is called as

A
Catabolism

B
Anabolism

C
Organogenesis

D
None of the above

Solution

Anabolism is the set of metabolic pathways, that construct molecule from smaller units.e.g., In the case of photosynthesis, smaller molecules are used to make larger glucose units. In photosynthesis, the carbon dioxide and water are used to produce glucose in presence of light.
So, the correct answer is 'Anabolism'
Question 4
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In polysaccharide, number of monosaccharides are linked by

A
Peptide bond

B
Phosphodiester bond

C
Glycosidic bond

D
Hydrogen bond
Solution
- A glycosidic bond is a covalent bond. It joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate.
- It is mainly formed between the hemiacetal or hemiketal of the sugar and hydroxyl of the another molecule.
- Thus, the correct answer is an option C.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following activity is catabolic in nature?

A
Cell repair

B
Protoplasm synthesis

C
Degradation of amino acid in liver

D
Conversion of glucose to glycogen

Solution

Catabolism involves the breakdown of a substance, often to release energy or during excretion for removal of waste. Degradation of amino acids in the liver is such an example where amino acids are broken down into inorganic substituents for recycling or removal.
Cell repair, protoplasm synthesis and conversion of glucose to glucose are all examples of anabolism which involves the synthesis of a product.
So the correct answer is 'Degradation of amino acids in the liver'.
Question 6
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Muscle tissue growth : anabolic process : : .......... : catabolic process.

A
Digestion

B
Secretion

C
Regulation

D
All of the above

Solution

Muscle tissue growth is an anabolic process. There are respiration reactions carried out in the muscles which provide energy in the form of ATP. This liberated energy helps the muscles to relax and contract. Thus, the muscles tissue show growth due to anabolic process.
The process of digestion is considered as the catabolic process. There is break down of the complex food into simpler compounds. These simpler molecules can be easily absorbed by the cells of the body.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
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The anabolic process of carbohydrate is

A
Glycogenesis

B
Gluconeogenesis

C
Glycolysis

D
Both A and B

Solution

Anabolism term refers to the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones and is endergonic in nature. Glycogenesis is the process by which glycogen is synthesised, by the addition of glucose molecules to form chains of glycogen for storage. This process is activated in the liver during rest periods following the Cori cycle and also activated by insulin in response to high glucose levels. Gluconeogenesis is the process of formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate. It is stimulated by glucagon and inhibited by insulin. It promotes glycogenesis and helps in storage of excessive blood glucose level as glycogen in the liver. Since in both, the process the synthesis of the complex molecule takes place they are anabolic reactions. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 8
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Cellular pool comprises

A
Tens of biomolecules

B
Hundreds of biomolecules

C
Thousands of biomolecules

D
Hundred thousands of biomolecules

Solution

Cellular pool is the collection of thousands of biomolecules. It contains both organic and inorganic molecules. It is present in two phases, aqueous and non-aqueous phase. Aqueous phase comprises of crystalloids and collids dispersed in water. Non-aqueous phase comprises of chemicals deposited in cell membrane, cell wall.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 9
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Which of these best describes a coenzyme?

A
An inorganic molecule that reduces enzyme activity

B
An organic molecule that reduces enzyme activity

C
An inorganic molecule that enhances enzyme activity

D
An organic molecule that enhances enzyme activity

E
An organic molecule that competes for the active site of an enzyme

Solution

Coenzyme is an organic compound which binds to apoenzyme (the proteinaceous part of enzyme) transiently. The binding usually occurs during catalysis of reaction and act in different directions. Apoenzyme along with the coenzyme forms holoenzyme which is the active form of enzyme. Thus, binding of apoenzyme enhances the enzymatic activity. Hence, apoenzyme is an organic molecule that enhances the enzyme activity.
So, the correct answer is 'An organic molecule that enhances enzyme activity' .
Question 10
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The substrate on which Invertase acts is __________.

A
glucose

B
fructose

C
sucrose

D
none of these

Solution

Invertase act as a catalyst which decompose sucrose into glucose and fructose.

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Biomolecules Test - 55

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Biomolecules Test - 55

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Nucleic acid

Carbohydrate

Protein

Lipid

Solution

Question 2

The reaction has gone to completion

The rate of product formation has slowed due to the addition of an inhibitor

No more substrate is available to be converted into product

The enzyme has been used up and the product cannot be formed without it

All active sites of available enzymes are saturated with the maximum amount of substrate

Solution

Question 3

Catabolism

Anabolism

Organogenesis

None of the above

Solution

Question 4

Peptide bond

Phosphodiester bond

Glycosidic bond

Hydrogen bond

Solution

Question 5

Cell repair

Protoplasm synthesis

Degradation of amino acid in liver

Conversion of glucose to glycogen

Solution

Question 6

Digestion

Secretion

Regulation

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

Glycogenesis

Gluconeogenesis

Glycolysis

Both A and B

Solution

Question 8

Tens of biomolecules

Hundreds of biomolecules

Thousands of biomolecules

Hundred thousands of biomolecules

Solution

Question 9

An inorganic molecule that reduces enzyme activity

An organic molecule that reduces enzyme activity

An inorganic molecule that enhances enzyme activity

An organic molecule that enhances enzyme activity

An organic molecule that competes for the active site of an enzyme

Solution

Question 10

glucose

fructose

sucrose

none of these

Solution

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