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Biomolecules Test - 64

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Biomolecules Test - 64
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Chemical reactions require energy for
    Solution
    Chemical reactions take place mainly at a specific temperature in presence of a catalyst. The substrate and product have different energy state. The energy gap between the substrate and the product is known as activation energy which is the minimum energy required to initiate a reaction. In presence of a catalyst, the activation energy lowers and the substrate changes into the product.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Enzyme catalysing optical or geometrical rearrangement of atomic groupings without altering molecular weight or number of atom is
    Solution
    Enzyme catalyzing optical or geometrical rearrangement of atomic groupings without altering molecular weight or number of atom is isomerase. It converts into one form of isomer to the other isomer by changing the intramolecular arrangement by forming or breaking the bond. For, example glucose 6 phosphate is changed to fructose 6 phosphate by enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase (an isomerase) during the process of glycolysis.
    So, the correct answer is option B.

  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Nucleic acids/nuclein were first discovered by
    Solution
    Nucleic acids were first discovered by Friedrich Miescher. It was first seen in the nuclei of white blood cells. It was named as nuclein as it was obtained from the nuclei. The two nucleic acid are known as DNA and RNA. DNA is mainly present in the nucleus while RNA is majorly found in nucleolus. It helps in the genetic inheritance of characters. Altman discovered the acidic nature of the nucleic acids.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Energy required for start of a chemical reaction is
    Solution
    Entropy is a measure of thermal energy.
    Potential energy is the energy stored in an object at a particular height.
    Kinetic energy is the energy stored in an object in motion.
    Enzymes are proteins which accelerate the rate of the reaction. The substrate and product have different energy state. The energy gap between the substrate and the product is known as activation energy which is the minimum energy required to initiate a reaction. The enzymes lower the activation energy and lead to the faster conversion of substrate to the product.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    An enzyme/protein is formed by chemically bonding together
    Solution
    Proteins are building blocks of the body. The proteins are made up of amino acids. The amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds to form a protein. The peptide bond is formed by the linkage of the carboxyl group of one amino acids with the amino group of the amino acids. On heating, the peptide bonds break and the protein gets denatured as heat increases the kinetic energy of the molecules and leads to breaking of the bonds.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Hydrolysis of starch occurs with the help of
    Solution
    Starch is used as food reserves in plants. It is a polymer of glucose. It is formed by the attachment of glucose unit by glycosidic bonds. The basic formula of starch is (C$$_6$$H$$_{10}$$O$$_5$$)n. 
    Amylase is an enzyme which helps in the digestion of the starch. It acts on the glycosidic bonds of the starch and converts into simpler compounds. It helps in the hydrolysis of this bond. It is present in the saliva and the pancreas secretion in humans and helps in intracellular digestion of starch.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The ratio of enzyme to substrate molecules can be as high as
    Solution
    • The enzyme attaches to the active site of the substrate. 
    • On attachment to the active site, the substrate is changed into the product.
    • The active site has a residue that helps in the attachment of substrate. 
    • The substrate molecules form a temporary bond with the enzyme at the active site. 
    • The ratio of enzyme to substrate molecules can be as high as 1: 100,000. If the amount of substrate increases more than this, it will not get the vacant active site for attachment which terminates the reaction.

    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Hexokinase (Glucose $$+$$ ATP $$\longrightarrow$$ Glucose 6-P $$+$$ ADP) belongs to the category
    Solution
    Transferase is an enzyme which transfers a group from one molecule to another molecule. Hexokinase is the enzyme which transfers one phosphate from ATP to glucose and forms glucose 6-phosphate.
    (Glucose ++ ATP ⟶⟶ Glucose 6-P ++ ADP)
    Thus, the correct answer is A.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Enzyme amylase belongs to class 
    Solution
    Hydrolases are the enzymes which break large molecules into smaller ones with the help of hydrogen and hydroxyl groups of water molecules, this phenomenon is known as hydrolysis. Amylase is the enzyme produced by the salivary gland and is found in saliva. It breaks starch into glucose. Thus, the correct answer is B.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which enzyme is concerned with transfer of electrons?
    Solution
    Desmolase catalyzes the formation or destruction of carbon-carbon bonds within a molecule. It is involved in the transfer of electrons.
    Hydrolase is the enzyme which catalyzes the splitting of compounds by addition of water.
    Dehydrogenase is an enzyme which participates in the oxidoreductase reaction by using an electron acceptor.
    Transaminase catalyzes aminotransferase reaction between an amino acid and a α-keto acid.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
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