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Biomolecules Test - 68

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Biomolecules Test - 68
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Enzymes catalysing removal of groups and formation of double bond are
    Solution
    Lyase is the enzyme by which the chemical bonds are broken down by the process other than hydrolysis and oxidation. It allows the formation of new bond. 
    Ligase are the enzyme which catalyzes the joining of two large molecules by formation of chemical bonds.
    Oxoreductase are the enzyme which catalyzes the oxidation and reduction reaction.
    Transferase involves the transfer of functional group from one molecule to the other.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Catalytic efficiency of two different enzymes is compared by their
    Solution
    Correct option: C
    Explanation:
    • The catalytic efficiency of any enzyme is measured by its affinity to the substrate.
    • The efficiency of two enzymes can be compared by comparing the Michaelis-Menten constant or $$K_{m}$$ value.
    • Greater the $$K_{m}$$ value, lower is the affinity for the enzyme and vice-versa.
    Hence, the catalytic efficiency of two different enzymes is compared by their "$$K_{m}$$ value".
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    In ATP, high energy bond is present between 
    Solution
    ATP is known as energy currency of the cell. It has three phosphate out of which one is directly attached to the ribose with phosphate ester bond and it is low energy bond. The bond between two phosphate groups is a phosphoanhydride bond which is considered as high energy bond. So ATP has two high energy phosphoanhydride bonds.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Name the most abundant elements which occur in nucleic acid macromolecules
    Solution
    Nucleic acids consists nucleotides made of of nitrogenous base, sugar and phosphate. The nitrogenous bases are purines and pyrimidines. The purines are adenine and guanine. The pyrimidines are thymine, uracil and cytosine. The purines are double ring structure while the pyrimidines are single ring made up of carbon hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen. Ribose and deoxyribose sugars are the cyclic rings of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. 
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Class of enzymes contained in lysosome
    Solution
    Lysosomes are formed by Golgi bodies. These are membrane-bounded vesicles which contain digestive and hydrolase enzymes like glycosidases, proteases, nucleases, phospholipases, and sulfatases. The enzymes are synthesized in the mRNA transcripts exit the nucleus into the cytosol, where they are translated by rough endoplasmic reticulum. The enzymes leave the Golgi apparatus as a vesicle known as lysosomes. 
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Name the type of enzyme involved in the following reaction $$S-G+{S}^{'} \longrightarrow S-{S}^{'}+G$$.
    Solution
    Transferase is an enzyme that transfers a specific functional groups from one molecule to another. 
    Enzyme catalyzing optical or geometrical rearrangement of atomic groupings without altering molecular weight or number of atom is isomerase. It converts into from one isomer to the other isomer by changing the intramolecular arrangement by forming or breaking the bond. 
    Dehydrogenase is an enzyme which participates in the oxidoreductase reaction by using a electron acceptor.
    Hydrolase are the enzyme which catalyses the splitting of compounds by addition of water.
    Lyase is the process by which the chemical bonds are broken down by the process other than hydrolysis and oxidation. It allows the formation of new bond. 
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Enzymes which catalyse reactions involving changes in structure of a molecule are
    Solution
    Enzyme catalyzing optical or geometrical rearrangement of atomic groupings without altering molecular weight or number of atom is isomerase. It converts into from one isomer to the other isomer by changing the intramolecular arrangement by forming or breaking the bond. For, example glucose 6 phosphate is changed to fructose 6 phosphate by enzyme isomerase during the process of glycolysis.
    Ligase is a enzyme which is used to join two molecules by establishing covalent bonds. Two DNA molecules are joined together by phosphodiester bond in presence of DNA ligase. The enzyme cannot be used for the blunt end of the DNA fragments. The nature of the bond is covalent as it involves the exchange of electrons.
    Hydrolase are the enzyme which catalyses the splitting of compounds by addition of water.
    Transferases helps to transfer functional group from one molecule to another.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which is not true for enzymes?
    Solution
    Enzymes are made up of proteins which accelerates the rate of the reaction. It lowers the activation energy and converts the reactants into substrate. The increased temperature increases the kinetic energy of the enzymes which further accelerates the activity of the enzyme but at higher temperature it gets denatured as the peptide bonds between the proteins molecules breaks which disrupts the structure of enzymes. So, the enzymatic activity decreases.
    Enzymatic activity depends on specific pH. pH at which the enzyme has maximum activity is known as optimum pH. The change in pH changes the shape of the enzyme which prevents the attachment of the substrate at the active site and terminates the reaction. 
    The specific substrate attaches on the active site of the enzyme and they are proteinaceous in nature.
    So, the correct answer is option B
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Pentadiplandra brazzeana, the source of sweetest protein is found in
    Solution
    Pentadiplandra brazzeana is a shrub found in west-central tropical Africa. Brazzein is a protein which is mainly found in the berries of the plant. It is one of the sweetest sugar. It is used as a sweetener in porridge. It is used as a low-calorie sweetener. The roots are hung to repel the snakes.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    In humans, percent of body weight of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins respectively is
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