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Biomolecules Test - 70

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Biomolecules Test - 70
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Chitin is a/an
    Solution
    Chitin is a polysaccharide. It is an important component of the cell wall of fungi. It is the main constituent of the exoskeleton of the arthropods. It is a long chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine. It is a modified form of glucose. The bond formed between the glucose molecule is known as glycosidic linkage.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is incorrect? 
    Solution
    • Enzymes are proteins that are made using a combination of a large number of amino acids. Thus, they are of a giant size and exhibit a lower diffusion rate which is the reason behind its colloidal nature. 
    • Enzymes serve as a biological catalyst by accelerating the rate of chemical reaction occurring inside the cells of living organisms, thus decreasing the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. 
    • Enzymes are very specific in nature, implying that, a particular enzyme can catalyze only a specific reaction and not all the reactions. 
    • Urease is an example of enzyme synthesized by plants, few bacteria, and fungi.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Enzyme urease, first crystallised by Sumner was obtained from
    Solution
    Sumner crystallized an enzyme known as urease from human urine and reported that all enzymes are protein. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia. John Howard Northrop and Wendell Meredith Stanley shared the noble prize with Sumner for their work on the enzyme.
    Buchner in 1897, prepared a yeast extract and added sugar solution to it and observed the process of fermentation. 
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Ribozyme was discovered by
    Solution
    Ribozymes are also known as ribonucleic acid enzymes. These are RNA molecules which helps in the catalysis of a particular reaction. It was discovered in the year 1982. The RNA can act as both genetic material and can act as a biocatalyst. It acts as a part of ribosome which attaches to the amino acid during protein synthesis. Thomas R. Cech and Sidney Altman discovered catalytic properties of RNA. So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Araban/xylan is
    Solution
    Araban and xylan, a polysaccharide consisting of xylose units (a pentose sugar) is a pentosan which commonly occurs in stems and seed coats of certain plants. Xylan is a group of hemicellulose found in plant cell walls and is as ubiquitous as cellulose in plants. It is made up of beta-D xylose units. Most xylans contain branches of L-arabinofuranosyl , acetyl, D-glucoronosyl and 4,O-methylglucoronosyl residues. They also occur in some green and red algae. They are a source of raw materials for the preparation of complex polysaccharides and also show anticoagulant and antiviral activities. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Glycosidic bonds exist in DNA molecule between
    Solution
    DNA has the nitrogenous base, phosphate, and sugar. The nitrogenous bases are purines and pyrimidines. The purines are adenine and guanine. The pyrimidines are thymine and cytosine. The purines are double ring structure while the pyrimidines are the single ring made up of carbon and nitrogen. Purines pair with the pyrimidines by hydrogen bonds. It has deoxyribose sugar which has hydrogen at second carbon. The sugar is linked to nitrogenous base at the first carbon by the glycosidic bond. DNA is the chain of polynucleotide which are joined by the phosphodiester bonds. 
    So, the correct answer is option C.

  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    In amylose fraction, glucose residues are linked by
    Solution
    Starch is used as food reserves in plants. It is a polymer of glucose. It is formed by the attachment of glucose unit by glycosidic bonds. The basic formula of starch is (C$$_6$$H$$_{10}$$O$$_5$$)n. It exists in two forms amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is formed by linkage of glucose by alpha 1,4 glucose unit. It is a linear polymer. 
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Formation of glycogen from glucose is an example of
    Solution
    Polymerisation is the process by which the simpler unit known as monomers attaches with the help of chemical  bond to form a long chain or branched structure. It helps to produce new chemicals. glucose polymerizes to form glycogen. Glycogen is osmotically inactive due to its large size. It is stored in the muscles. It is broken down into glucose by glycogenolysis and released into the blood for metabolic use during low concentration of glucose in the blood.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements about the structure of proteins is true?
    Solution
    a) The sequence of amino acids in a protein represents the primary structure where one amino acid is attached to the other with the peptide bond.
    b) The helices of protein are not always left handed. In alpha helix protein, every backbone N−H group donates a hydrogen bond to the backbone C=O group of the amino acid located three or four residues earlier along the protein sequence so it is right-handed.
    c) Haemoglobin is an oligoprotein which has four polypeptide chain, two alpha chain, and two beta chain. It has a quaternary structure where each polypeptide has heme group with iron in the center. 
    d) Proteins are heteropolymers containing strings of amino acids where the different amino acids are attached to each other by peptide bonds.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which one forms ATP?
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