Biomolecules Test

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Biomolecules Test - 75

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which one of the following graphs shows the relationship between the rate of an enzymatic reaction (V) and substrate concentration (S)?

A

B

C

D
Solution
An increase in substrate concentration increases the rate of reaction due to two factors:
(i) occupation of more and more active sites by the substrate molecules,
(ii) a higher number of collisions between substrate molecules.
The rise in velocity is quite high in the beginning but it decreases progressively with the increase in substrate concentration.
If a graph is plotted for substrate concentration versus reaction velocity, it appears as a hyperbolic curve.
A stage is reached where velocity is maximum. It does not increase further by increasing the substrate concentration. At this stage, the enzyme molecule becomes fully saturated and no active site is left free to bind additional substrate molecules.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 2
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Phosphorus is a structural element in:

A
nucleic acids

B
carbohydrates

C
proteins

D
lipids

Solution

Phosphorus is essential for life. As part of the phosphate group, it is a component of DNA, RNA, ATP (adenosine triphosphate). So, the correct option is 'Nucleic acid'
Question 3
1 / -0

The catalytic power of enzyme is represented by _____________.

A
$$V_{max}$$

B
$$K_{m}$$ constant

C
Turn over number

D
Both (2) and (3)

Solution

The catalytic power of an enzyme is basically the enzyme’s turnover. It is generally denoted by $$V_m$$$$_a$$$$_x$$
So, the correct answer is $$V_m$$$$_a$$$$_x$$.
Question 4
1 / -0

___________ is a destructive metabolism involving the breakdown of complex materials and resulting in the release of energy.

A
Anabolism

B
Respiration

C
Both A and B

D
None of the above

Solution

Anabolism is the constructive metabolism involving the synthesis of complex organic molecules from simpler ones along with the storage of energy. Catabolism is the destructive metabolism involving the breakdown of complex materials and resulting in the release of energy. Anorexia is an eating disorder characterized by abnormally low body weight, an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted perception of weight. Dentition is the arrangement or condition of the teeth in a particular species or individual. The dental formula is a formula expressing the number and kinds of teeth possessed by a mammal. Digestion is the process by which food is rendered absorbable. Nutrition is the intake of food, considered in relation to the body's dietary needs. Peristalsis involves the successive waves of involuntary contraction passing along the walls of the intestine by which the contents are moved along the lumen. The first compartment of the stomach of a ruminant mammal is known as the rumen. The next two compartments are known as the reticulum and omasum. Taking in of complex organic food by the organism is known as ingestion.
Question 5
1 / -0

The catalytic efficiency of two different enzyme can be compared by the:

A
The Kim value

B
The pH optimum value

C
Formation of the product

D
Molecular size of the enzyme

Solution

The $$K_m$$ is also known as Michaelis-Menten constant. It represents the substrate concentration at which the rate of a reaction is half the maximum rate. It is an important parameter to compare catalytic efficiency of two enzymes. Lower the $$K_m$$ , higher will be the catalytic rate and vice-versa.
Question 6
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The shape of a polypeptide is

A
Maintained by bonding between parts of the polypeptide

B
Important to its function

C
Ultimately dependent upon the primary structure

D
All of the above

Solution

Polypeptide or proteins is the chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Its various structures are formed by folding the straight chain and is important for the different functions which also depends on the temperature. Very high temperatures can denature the proteins.
Hence, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Question 7
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Nitrogen is an essential constituent of

A
Carbohydrates

B
Fats

C
Mineral salts

D
Proteins

Solution

Nitrogen is a naturally occurring element that is essential for growth and reproduction in both plants and animals. It is majorly found in amino acids that make up the proteins from nucleic acids by the process of transcription and translation.
Both carbohydrates and fats mainly comprise of carbon and hydrogen.
So, the correct option is 'proteins'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following is the best evidence for the lock and key hypothesis of enzyme action?

A
All isolated enzymes have been identified as proteins

B
Enzymes determine the direction of a reaction

C
Enzymes are found in living organisms and speed up certain reactions

D
Compounds similar in structure to the substrate inhibit the reaction

Solution

According to the lock and key mechanism only specific shapes of substrates that fixes into an enzyme is catalyzed. Compounds similar in structure to the substrate inhibit the reaction and is the best evidence for the lock and key hypothesis of enzyme action.
So, the correct option is 'Compound similar in structure to the substrate inhibits the reaction'.
Question 9
1 / -0

The fundamental building block of protein is:

A
Nitrogen

B
$$NH_2$$ group

C
COOH group

D
Amino acid

Solution

The basic building blocks of a protein are amino acids. There are 20 amino acids in the proteins which link together to form large protein molecules.
The basic structure of each amino acid follows a similar pattern. It consists of a carbon atom in the middle surrounded by other three groups. Out of these, two groups are amino (NH$$_2$$) and carboxyl group (COOH) which is same in all 20 amino acids. The fourth group also called R group differs in all amino acids on whose basis the division occurs. Protein synthesis occurs by the process of translation.
So, the correct option is 'amino acid'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following macromolecules is a protein?

A
Glycogen

B
Keratin

C
Cholesterol

D
Chitin

Solution

A) Glycogen: It is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in humans, animals, fungi, and bacteria.
B) Keratin: Keratin is a fibrous structural protein. It is the key structural material which forms hair, horns, claws, hooves, and the outer layer of human skin.
C) Cholesterol: It is a fat-like waxy substance that helps in synthesizing hormones and vitamin D.
D) Chitin: It is a fibrous substance consisting of polysaccharides, which is the major constituent in the exoskeleton of arthropods and the cell walls of fungi.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Keratin'.

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Biomolecules Test - 75

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Biomolecules Test - 75

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Question 1

Solution

Question 2

nucleic acids

carbohydrates

proteins

lipids

Solution

Question 3

$$V_{max}$$

$$K_{m}$$ constant

Turn over number

Both (2) and (3)

Solution

Question 4

Anabolism

Respiration

Both A and B

None of the above

Solution

Question 5

The Kim value

The pH optimum value

Formation of the product

Molecular size of the enzyme

Solution

Question 6

Maintained by bonding between parts of the polypeptide

Important to its function

Ultimately dependent upon the primary structure

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

Carbohydrates

Fats

Mineral salts

Proteins

Solution

Question 8

All isolated enzymes have been identified as proteins

Enzymes determine the direction of a reaction

Enzymes are found in living organisms and speed up certain reactions

Compounds similar in structure to the substrate inhibit the reaction

Solution

Question 9

Nitrogen

$$NH_2$$ group

COOH group

Amino acid

Solution

Question 10

Glycogen

Keratin

Cholesterol

Chitin

Solution

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