Biomolecules Test

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Biomolecules Test - 86

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following is false?

A
E. coli has ds circular DNA

B
Smallpox and herpes virus are example of DNA viruses

C
AIDS and cancer virus are example of RNA

D
Coliphage $$\phi$$ X 174 has dsRNA

Solution

Coliphage $$\phi$$ X 174 has a ssDNA and infects bacterium E. coli
So, the correct answer is 'coliphage $$\phi$$ X 174 has a dsRNA'
Question 2
1 / -0

Total amino acids in insulin (bovine) are 51 in polypeptide chains A and B. How many amino acids are there in chain A?

A
21

B
20

C
30

D
31

Solution

Insulin is a peptide hormone secreted in an inactive form by the beta cells in the pancreatic Islet of Langerhans. It is composed of two peptide chains referred to as the A chain and B chain. A and B chains are linked together by two disulphide bonds and an additional disulphide bond is formed within the A chain. In most species, the A chain consists of 21 amino acids and the B chain is composed of 30 amino acids.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 3
1 / -0

Pick the correct match.
A. Helicase (i) To join nucleotides on DNA
B. Gyrase (ii) To open DNA
C. Primase (iii) Unwind DNA
D. DNA polymerase III (iv) For RNA printing

A
A-ii, B-iii, C-iv, D-i

B
A-i, B-ii, C-iii, D-iv

C
A-ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i

D
A-iv, B-iii, C-i, D-ii

Solution

DNA replication is a complex process and requires close cooperation of a number of enzymes. Helicase are the enzyme, which acts on the helical structure of DNA and open the DNA double helix. DNA gyrase will help in unwinding DNA by removing the strain introduced when DNA double helix is opened by helicase enzyme. Primase is an important enzyme of primosome complex. It synthesizes RNA primer which can be extended by DNA polymerase. The DNA polymerase III is the major replicating enzyme in baceteria. It catalyzes polymerisation of DNA nucleotides.
Question 4
1 / -0

ATP-ADP system was discovered in

A
1940

B
1944

C
1943

D
1840
Solution
- The ATP- ADP system is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane and produces ATP through the chemiosmotic mechanism, first proposed by Peter Mitchell.
- ATP was discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohmann and co-workers. ATP was proposed to be the main energy transfer molecule in the cell by Fritz Albert Lipmann in 1940, that is, being the intermediary molecule between energy-yielding (exergonic) and energy-requiring (endergonic) reactions.
- So, the correct answer is '1940'
Question 5
1 / -0

In 1930, John Northrop crystallized which of the following enzyme as a protein?

A
Pepsin

B
Renin

C
Amylase

D
Trypsin

Solution

In 1930, Northrop isolated a crystalline substance from a commercial pepsin preparation, and the crystallized substance appeared to be the enzyme pepsin.
Question 6
1 / -0

Who synthesized nucleotides in vitro?

A
Mathaei

B
Nirenberg

C
Khorana

D
All of the above

Solution

Nucleic acids are polynucleotides and proteins are chains of amino acids. The language of nucleic acids has four alphabets A, T, G and C. This is because the nucleic acids primarily contain only four nitrogenous bases- adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. The language of proteins contains 20 alphabets because proteins are made up of primarily 20 amino acids. The link between these two languages one four alphabets and another 20 alphabets is the genetic code dictionary. The names of scientists given in various options in the question, synthesized nucleotides in vitro as part of their exercise to understand genetic code dictionary and unravel the exact mechanism of translation of the language of nucleic acids into that of proteins.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 7
1 / -0

In the living tissues 'energy broker' or intermediary source of energy compound formed during glucose oxidation is

A
NAD

B
DNA

C
RNA

D
ATP

Solution

The synthesis of ATP from ADP is called phosphorylation.The methods to produce ATP are oxidative phosphorylation and substrate level phosphorylation. The substrate level phosphorylation involves the direct production of ATP ie transfer of energy from high energy intermediates to ADP. The oxidative phosphorylation is an indirect method of ATP production in which first reduced coenzymes are produced like NADH$$_2$$ which are subsequently oxidized and produce ATP by oxidative phosphorylation.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 8
1 / -0

J.B. Sumner isolated first enzyme from jack beans as

A
Amylase

B
Trypsin

C
Urease

D
Renin

Solution

J.B. Sumner isolated ureases from the jack beans and proved enzymes to be proteins, that could be isolated in crystalline form.
Question 9
1 / -0

Match the enzymes and their uses as given in the columns.
Enzymes Uses
A. Ligases p. To unwind the supercoils of DNA helix
B. Topioisomerase q. In transcription
C. RNA polymerase II r. To join the cut ends of DNA
D. Zymase s. In translation
t. Fermentation

A
A-r, B-p, C-q, D-s

B
A-r, B-p, C-q, D-t

C
A-p, B-r, C-q, D-t

D
A-r, B-q, C-p, D-t

Solution

Enzymes are biological catalysts which catalyze specific for reactions. Ligases are the enzymes which can join the cut ends of two DNA. Topoisomerases are the enzyme which bring about topological changes in DNA. The most important reaction catalysed by topoisomerase is easing of DNA supercoils during DNA replication. In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase II catalyzes the formation of mRNA. Zymase is the enzyme which catalyzes the fermentation.
Question 10
1 / -0

The pyrimidine ring is synthesized from the atoms of all except

A
Aspartate

B
Glutamine

C
Glycine

D
All of the above

Solution

Pyrimidines are nitrogenous bases in DNA. They are single ring structures. Aspartate and Glutamine act as presursors for the synthesis of pyrimidne. Glycine acts as precursors for the synthesis of purine.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

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A. Helicase	(i) To join nucleotides on DNA
B. Gyrase	(ii) To open DNA
C. Primase	(iii) Unwind DNA
D. DNA polymerase III	(iv) For RNA printing

Enzymes	Uses
A. Ligases	p. To unwind the supercoils of DNA helix
B. Topioisomerase	q. In transcription
C. RNA polymerase II	r. To join the cut ends of DNA
D. Zymase	s. In translation
	t. Fermentation

Biomolecules Test - 86

Result

Biomolecules Test - 86

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

E. coli has ds circular DNA

Smallpox and herpes virus are example of DNA viruses

AIDS and cancer virus are example of RNA

Coliphage $$\phi$$ X 174 has dsRNA

Solution

Question 2

21

20

30

31

Solution

Question 3

A-ii, B-iii, C-iv, D-i

A-i, B-ii, C-iii, D-iv

A-ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i

A-iv, B-iii, C-i, D-ii

Solution

Question 4

1940

1944

1943

1840

Solution

Question 5

Pepsin

Renin

Amylase

Trypsin

Solution

Question 6

Mathaei

Nirenberg

Khorana

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

NAD

DNA

RNA

ATP

Solution

Question 8

Amylase

Trypsin

Urease

Renin

Solution

Question 9

A-r, B-p, C-q, D-s

A-r, B-p, C-q, D-t

A-p, B-r, C-q, D-t

A-r, B-q, C-p, D-t

Solution

Question 10

Aspartate

Glutamine

Glycine

All of the above

Solution

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