Biomolecules Test

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Biomolecules Test - 87

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

On plotting a graph between substrate concentration and time, a scientist found a sigmoid curve. The enzyme is

A
Allosteric

B
Apoenzyme

C
Mono enzyme

D
Isozyme

Solution

Allosteric enzymes are the enzymes which possess an allosteric site for binding of allosteric modulators in addition to the active site for binding of substrate molecules. A non allosteric enzyme or an enzyme which follows Michalis-Menten kinetics shows a hyperbolic curve for rate of chemical reaction plotted against substrate concentration. An allosteric enzyme on the other hand shows a sigmoidal curve.
So, the correct answer is 'Allosteric'
Question 2
1 / -0

Name the hormone that stimulate the secretion of gastric juice.

A
Renin

B
Enterokinase

C
Enterogastrone

D
Gastrin

Solution

Gastrin is a peptide hormone, which is secreted by the gastric glands in the stomach wall. The gastrin stimulates secretion of gastric juice rich in pepsin and hydrochloric acid. The stimulation for secretion of gastrin is presence of peptides derived from dietary proteins.
Question 3
1 / -0

In recent years, pre-soaked laundry agent (detergent) contains an enzyme

A
Pepsin

B
Flavin

C
Amylase

D
Subtilin

Solution

Natural source of subtilin is bacteria Bacillus subtilis. Subtilisins are proteolytic enzymes mainly used in detergents and house hold cleaning products to remove proteinaceous deposits and stains.
Question 4
1 / -0

Cryptochrome, a photoreceptor in plants is sensitive to ......... wavelength.

A
Blue

B
UV

C
Infrared

D
Red

Solution

Cryptochrome called as hidden pigment found in ferns, mosses and fungi including higher plants as Arabidopsis and helps to repair DNA damage caused by UV radiations. Crytochrome are a class of flavoprotein that absorbs blue wavelength and hence, sensitive to blue light.
Question 5
1 / -0

In 1938, Max Perutz a political refugee at Cambridge University published X-ray photograph crystal data for .......... and ........... proteins.

A
Haemoglobin and pepsin

B
Pepsin and papain

C
Myoglobin and haemoglobin

D
Immunoglobulin and haemoglobin

Solution

Myoglobin and hemoglobin are specialized protein molecules for transportation and storage of oxygen. Myoglobin binds and stores oxygen in muscles. Hemoglobin transports oxygen in blood. The storage and transportation of oxygen depends on the structure of these proteins. Max Ferdinand Perutz, was an Austrian-born British molecular biologist, who shared the 1962 Nobel Prize for Chemistry with John Kendrew, for their studies of the structures of hemoglobin and myoglobin.
Question 6
1 / -0

Match the scientists and their contribution given in the columns.

Scientists Contribution
A. Pasteur p. Beer and butter milk are products of fermentation by yeast
B. Hansen q. Diastase
C. Payen and Persoz r. Purified rennet
D. Waksman s. Streptomycin

A
A - p, B - q, C - r, D - s

B
A - p, B - r, C - q, D - s

C
A - p, B - s, C - r, D - q

D
A - s, B - r, C - q, D - p

Solution

The scientists listed in question had made some of the most outstanding contributions.
Pasteur discovered fermentation. The biochemical process carried out by yeast which results in fermented products like beer and butter milk.
The first commercial standardized rennet was introduced by Chr Hansen in 1874. At that time, rudimentary methods were used to extract animal rennet from calves or adult bovine stomachs.
Diastase was the first enzyme discovered. It was extracted from malt solution in 1833 by Anselme Payen and Jean-Franois Persoz, chemists at a French sugar factory.
Waksman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in recognition for his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic active against tuberculosis.
Question 7
1 / -0

Read the passage and answer the following questions.
A bacterial strain used in a commercial fermenter converts substance A to substance B using enzyme Y. The same strain also contains enzyme Z which converts substance B to substance A. For each molecule of substance A, one molecule of substance B is produced and vice versa. The relative activities of enzymes Y and Z are given in the graph below. To maximise the production of substance B, at which temperature should the bacterial strain be fermented?

A
10$$^o$$C

B
15$$^o$$C

C
20$$^o$$C

D
25$$^o$$C

Solution

The enzymes are biological catalysts. The activity of enzymes is sensitive for changes in temperature. In the given graph, the enzyme Y has a temperature optimum of 20$$^o$$C while enzyme Z has a temperature optimum of 35$$^o$$C. Also at 20$$^o$$C, the activity of enzyme Z is least. To maximise the production of substance B, we require activity of enzyme Y and not enzyme Z. Hence, if fermentation is carried out at temperature 20$$^o$$C, there will be more production of substance B.
Question 8
1 / -0

The figure given shows the conversion of a substrate into product by an enzyme. Which one of the four options of reaction labelled as A, B, C and D are identified correctly?

A
A- Potential energy, B- Transition state, C- Activation energy with enzyme, D- Activation energy without enzyme

B
A- Transition state, B- Potential energy, C- Activation energy without enzyme, D- Activation energy with enzyme

C
A- Potential energy, B- Transition state, C- Activation energy without enzyme, D- Activation energy with enzyme

D
A- Activation energy, B- Transition state, C- Activation energy without enzyme, D- Potential energy with enzyme

Solution

According to the most widely accepted mechanism of enzyme action, the enzyme molecule binds substrate molecule to form a temporary transition state (label A) which rapidly degrades into enzyme molecule and product. The transition state has higher free energy than the substrate (label B) or product molecule. Thus a substrate has to pass through the energy barrier in order to form the product molecule. An uncatalyzed reaction (label C) has to cross a higher barrier as compared to a reaction catalysed by an enzyme (label D). Thus, enzymes work by reducing the free energy barrier between substrates and the product molecules.
So, the correct answer is 'A- Transition state, B- Potential energy, C- Activation energy without enzyme, D- Activation energy with enzyme'
Question 9
1 / -0

Choose the type of enzyme involved in the following reaction.

$$S - G + S' \longrightarrow S + S' - G$$

A
Dehydrogenase

B
Transferase

C
Hydrolase

D
Lyase

E
Isomerase

Solution

Based on the type of reaction catalyzed, the international union of biochemist have classified enzymes into six major classes- Oxidoreductase, Transferase, Hydrolase, Lyase, Ligase and Isomerase.
Transferase is the general name for the class of enzymes that enact the transfer of specific functional groups (e.g. a methyl or glycosyl group) from one molecule (called the donor) to another (called the acceptor).
Question 10
1 / -0

Structure of RNA can be studied by

A
Feulgen

B
Toluene blue

C
X-ray crystallography

D
Chromatography

Solution

X-ray crystallography is mostly used to study the structure of the crystal. The X-rays are incident on the crystal which is diffracted by the particles at different angles and intensity. By measuring the angles and intensities of these diffracted beams, a crystallographer can produce a three-dimensional picture of the density of electrons within the crystal. The technique can also depict the structure of RNA.
So, the correct answer is option C.

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Scientists	Contribution
A. Pasteur	p. Beer and butter milk are products of fermentation by yeast
B. Hansen	q. Diastase
C. Payen and Persoz	r. Purified rennet
D. Waksman	s. Streptomycin

Biomolecules Test - 87

Result

Biomolecules Test - 87

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Allosteric

Apoenzyme

Mono enzyme

Isozyme

Solution

Question 2

Renin

Enterokinase

Enterogastrone

Gastrin

Solution

Question 3

Pepsin

Flavin

Amylase

Subtilin

Solution

Question 4

Blue

UV

Infrared

Red

Solution

Question 5

Haemoglobin and pepsin

Pepsin and papain

Myoglobin and haemoglobin

Immunoglobulin and haemoglobin

Solution

Question 6

A - p, B - q, C - r, D - s

A - p, B - r, C - q, D - s

A - p, B - s, C - r, D - q

A - s, B - r, C - q, D - p

Solution

Question 7

10$$^o$$C

15$$^o$$C

20$$^o$$C

25$$^o$$C

Solution

Question 8

A- Potential energy, B- Transition state, C- Activation energy with enzyme, D- Activation energy without enzyme

A- Transition state, B- Potential energy, C- Activation energy without enzyme, D- Activation energy with enzyme

A- Potential energy, B- Transition state, C- Activation energy without enzyme, D- Activation energy with enzyme

A- Activation energy, B- Transition state, C- Activation energy without enzyme, D- Potential energy with enzyme

Solution

Question 9

Dehydrogenase

Transferase

Hydrolase

Lyase

Isomerase

Solution

Question 10

Feulgen

Toluene blue

X-ray crystallography

Chromatography

Solution

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