Biomolecules Test

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Biomolecules Test - 9

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
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It is said that elemental composition of living organisms and that of inanimate objects (like earth’s crust) are similar in the sense that all the major elements are present in both. Then what would be the difference between these two groups? Choose a correct answer from among the following:

A
Living organisms have more gold in them than inanimate objects.

B
Living organisms have more water in their body than inanimate objects.

C
Living organisms have more carbon, oxygen and hydrogen per unit mass than inanimate objects.

D
Living organisms have more calcium in them than inanimate objects.

Solution

Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen are the main components of organic compounds. This gives the clue for the correct answer.
Question 2
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Many elements are found in living organisms either free or in the form of compounds. Which of the following is not found in living organisms?

A
Silicon

B
Magnesium

C
Iron

D
Sodium

Solution

Iron is found in haemoglobin, sodium and magnesium play important role in some metabolic activities.
Question 3
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Aminoacids, have both an amino group and a carboxyl group in their structure. Which one of the following is an amino acid?

A
Formic acid

B
Glycerol

C
Glycolic Acid

D
Glycine

Solution

The name of most of the amino acids ends with ‘ine’. This gives the clue for glycine.
Question 4
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An amino acid under certain conditions have both positive and negative charges simultaneously in the same molecule. Such a form of amino acid is called

A
Acidic form

B
Basic form

C
Aromatic form

D
Zwitterionic form

Solution

The term ‘zwitterion’ comes from a German word which means a neutral molecule with positive and negative charges.
Question 5
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Sugars are technically called carbohydrates, referring to the fact that their formulae are only multiple of C(\(H_2O\)). Hexoses therefore have six carbons, twelve hydrogens and six oxygen atoms. Glucose is a hexose. Choose from among the following another hexose.

A
Fructose

B
Erythrose

C
Ribulose

D
Ribose

Solution

Both glucose and fructose are monosaccharides and each contains 6 atoms of carbon.
Question 6
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When you take cells or tissue pieces and grind them with an acid in a mortar and pestle, all the small biomolecules dissolve in the acid. Proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids are insoluble in mineral acid and get precipitated. The acid soluble compounds include aminoacids, nucleosides, small sugars etc. When one adds a phosphate group to a nucleoside, one gets another acid soluble biomolecule called

A
Nitrogen base

B
Adenine

C
Sugar phosphate

D
Nucleotide

Solution

When a phosphate group is added to a nucleoside, it becomes a nucleotide.
Question 7
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When we homogenise any tissue in an acid the acid soluble pool represents

A
Cytoplasm

B
Cell membrane

C
Nucleus

D
Mitochondria

Solution

Scientist have found thousands of organic compounds in acid soluble pool. Cytoplasm contains various organic compounds and hence represents acid soluble pool.
Question 8
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The most abundant component of living organisms is

A
Protein

B
Water

C
Sugar

D
Nucleic acid

Solution

Water composes about 70% of body weight of humans. This should give clue for ‘water’ as the correct answer.
Question 9
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A homopolymer has only one type of building block called monomer repeated ‘n’ number of times. A heteropolymer has more than one type of monomer. Proteins are heteropolymers usually made of

A
20 types of monomers

B
40 types of monomers

C
30 types of monomers

D
Only one type of monomer

Solution

Proteins are made of 20 types of amino acids.
Question 10
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Proteins perform many physiological functions. For example, some functions as enzymes. Which of the following represents an additional function that some proteins discharge?

A
Antibiotics

B
Pigment conferring colour to skin

C
Pigments making colours of flowers

D
Hormones

Solution

Antibiotics which contain enzymes do contain protein but many antibiotics may not contain enzymes or protein. Pigments are not proteins.
Question 11
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Glycogen is a homopolymer made of

A
Glucose units

B
Galactose units

C
Ribose units

D
Amino acids

Solution

The term ‘glyco’ is derived from glucose.
Question 12
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The number of ‘ends’ in a glycogen molecule would be

A
Equal to the number of branches plus one

B
Equal to the number of branch points

C
One

D
Two, one on the left side and another on the right side
Question 13
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The primary structure of a protein molecule has

A
Two ends

B
One end

C
Three ends

D
No ends
Question 14
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Enzymes are biocatalysts. They catalyse biochemical reactions. In general they reduce activation energy of reactions. Many physico-chemical processes are enzyme mediated. Which of the following reactions is not engyme-mediated in biological system?

A
Dissolving \(CO_2\) in water

B
Untwining the two strands of DNA

C
Hydrolysis of sucrose

D
Formation of peptide bond

Solution

Reactions in b, c and d are enzyme-mediated while ‘a’ is the correct option.

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Biomolecules Test - 9

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Biomolecules Test - 9

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Living organisms have more gold in them than inanimate objects.

Living organisms have more water in their body than inanimate objects.

Living organisms have more carbon, oxygen and hydrogen per unit mass than inanimate objects.

Living organisms have more calcium in them than inanimate objects.

Solution

Question 2

Silicon

Magnesium

Iron

Sodium

Solution

Question 3

Formic acid

Glycerol

Glycolic Acid

Glycine

Solution

Question 4

Acidic form

Basic form

Aromatic form

Zwitterionic form

Solution

Question 5

Fructose

Erythrose

Ribulose

Ribose

Solution

Question 6

Nitrogen base

Adenine

Sugar phosphate

Nucleotide

Solution

Question 7

Cytoplasm

Cell membrane

Nucleus

Mitochondria

Solution

Question 8

Protein

Water

Sugar

Nucleic acid

Solution

Question 9

20 types of monomers

40 types of monomers

30 types of monomers

Only one type of monomer

Solution

Question 10

Antibiotics

Pigment conferring colour to skin

Pigments making colours of flowers

Hormones

Solution

Question 11

Glucose units

Galactose units

Ribose units

Amino acids

Solution

Question 12

Equal to the number of branches plus one

Equal to the number of branch points

One

Two, one on the left side and another on the right side

Question 13