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Biomolecules Test - 91

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Biomolecules Test - 91
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    When hydrogen peroxide is applied on the wound as a disinfectant, there is frothing at the site of injury. which is due to the presence of an enzyme in the skin that uses hydrogen peroxide as a substrate to produce.
    Solution
    The peroxidase is the enzyme which is present in the blood. The hydrogen peroxide is used by the enzyme peroxidase to produce oxygen. When the hydrogen peroxide is applied as a disinfectant to the site of injury, there is frothing due to the production of oxygen. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Enzymes functional in a cell are 
    Solution
    Enzymes are inducible in nature because as the substrate molecules attaches to the active site of the enzyme, it induces a conformational change on the active site to fit in properly.
    Constitutive protein are the protein which are constantly active. Enzymes are said to be consitutive in nature as they remain active till the end of the reaction and catalyzes the reaction without being used up.
    Enzymes are repressible because their actions can be controlled by addition of an inhibitor or by regulating conditions like temperature, substrate concentration and its pH.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Conversion of acetyl Co-A to fatty acid is a/an
    Solution
    The anabolic processes are the reactions in which the smaller organic molecules are used for the production of the large complex molecules. The energy is added to the smaller amino acids which react to form the linear chain of large proteins. The acetyl Co-A is a small molecule which is added repeatedly to form a long fatty acid. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which of these is not a protein?
    Solution
    A.Correct option D
    B.Explanation for correct option:

    • N-acetylglucosamine is a monosaccharide and derivative of glucose. 
    • It is an amide between glucosamine and acetic acid. It has a molecular formula of C$$_8$$H$$_{15}$$NO$$_6$$.
    • Chitin is a polysaccharide.
    • It is an important component of the cell wall of fungi.
    • It is a long-chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine. It is a modified form of glucose.
    • The bond formed between the glucose molecule is known as glycosidic linkage.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    An octapeptide ($$NH_2$$-Asn-Glu-Tyr-Lys-Trp-Met-Glu-Gly) is subjected to complete protease and chemical digestion. Based on the results obtained, choose the incorrect option from.
    Solution
    There are various chemicals which are used to digest the protein at different amino acids. These chemicals are called as proteases. Trypsin cleaves lysine and arginine at the carboxyl terminus. Hence, for the given octapeptide, it will generate tetramers only. Cyanogen bromide (CNBr) enzyme cleaves at methionine (Met) residues at carboxyl terminus. Hence, for the given octapeptide, it will generate hexamer and dimer. Chymotrypsin cleaves at the carboxyl terminus of phenylalanine (Phe), tyrosine (Tyr), tryptophan (Trp) and leucine (Leu). Hence, for the given octapeptide, it will generate two trimers and one dimer. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    In the study of enzymes, a sigmoidal plot of substrate concentration(S) versus the reaction velocity(V) indicates
    Solution

    • Two 20th century scientists, Leonor Michaelis and Maud Leonora Menten proposed the model known as Michaelis-Menten Kinetics to explain the gross mechanism of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
    • According to Michaelis- Menten kinetics, when we plot a graph, with substrate concentration on the X-axis and corresponding velocity on the Y axis, it can be observed from the graph that as the concentration of the substrate increases, there is a corresponding increase in the V$$_0$$. 
    • ​However, beyond a particular substrate concentration, the velocity remains constant without any further increase.  The resultant curve is sigmoidal.
    • This maximum velocity of an enzyme catalysed reaction under substrate saturation is called the Vmax, maximum velocity.

    So, the correct answer is option A.

  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The given graph shows the effect of substrate concentration on the rate of reaction of the enzyme green-gram-phosphatase. What does the graph indicates?

    Solution
    1. For an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, there is usually a hyperbolic relationship between the rate of reaction and the rate of the concentration of the substrate.
    2. At the low concentration of substrate, there is a steep increase in the rate of the substrate to bind.
    3. As the concentration of substrate increases, the enzyme becomes saturated with substrate.
    So, the correct option is 'The rate of the enzyme reaction is directly proportional to the substrate concentration'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which biomolecule is correctly characteristed? 
    Solution
    Lecithin is a phosphorylated glyceride. It is a phospholipid with glycerol, fatty acids ,a phosphate group and choline. It is found in the cell membrane. Palmitic acid is a saturated fatty acid with 16 carbon atoms. Adenylic acid is also called as Adenosine monophosphate (AMP). It is an adenosine with a phosphate group and the ribose sugar. It is an ester of phosphoric acid and the adenosine. Alanine is a neutral amino acid. It contains one amino group and one carboxylic group.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    All enzymes of TCA cycle are located in the mitochondrial matrix except one which is located in inner mitochondrial membranes in eukaryotes and in cytosol in prokaryotes. This enzyme is?
    Solution
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation:
    • All enzymes of Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle are present in mitochondrial matrix except succinate dehydrogenase.
    • Succinate dehydrogenase is tightly bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes and to the plasma membrane in prokaryotes. 
    • It has three different iron-sulphur clusters and one covalently bound Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). 
    • Before entering electron transport system (ETS) in mitochondria, the electrons pass from succinate through the FAD and iron-sulphur centres.
    Hence, this enzyme is succinate dehydrogenae.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Formation of both peptide and glycosidic bonds involves 
    Solution
    Glycosidic bonds and peptide bonds are two types of covalent bonds which can be found in living systems. The formation of both of these bonds involves the removal of a water molecule and this process is called dehydration reactions (also known as condensation reactions). 
    So, the correct answer is option C.
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