Biomolecules Test

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Biomolecules Test - 93

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Select the correct option:
Read the given statement and select the option that correctly identifies X and Y.
In a glycogen molecule, successive glucose units are joined together by X and branches are linked together by Y.

A
X - 1,4- $$\alpha$$-glycosidic bonds
Y - 1,4-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids

B
X - 1,4-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic bonds
Y - 1,6-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic bonds

C
X - 1,6-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids
Y - 1,4-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids

D
X - 1,6-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids
Y - 1,6-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids

Solution

Glycogen molecule is the homopolymer of glucose which has two structures; the linear structure in which the glucose molecules are linked by Alpha 1-4 glycosidic bonds and branched structure in which the glucose molecules are linked by Alpha 1-6 glycosidic bonds.
Glycogen is considered as storing material in animals that is animal store their food material as glycogen.

So the correct option is 'X - 1,4-α-glycosidic bonds and Y - 1,6-α-glycosidic bonds'
Question 2
1 / -0

Phosphodiesterases rapidly catalyze hydrolysis of sugar phosphate bond in nucleic acids.
The first digit of their E,C number can be

A
$$1$$

B
$$2$$

C
$$3$$

D
$$6$$

Solution

Phosphodiesterase is a hydrolase enzyme. So, it's EC number is 3.
EC or Enzyme Commission number is numerical classification scheme for enzymes, used to classify them according to reactions they catalyze.
So, the correct option is '3'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Co-factor in enzyme urease is

A
Ni

B
Zn

C
Cu

D
Mg

Solution

A- Enzyme 'urease' use Nickel as co-factor to perform its function.
B- Zinc is the co-factor of about 20 enzymes, for example- alcohol dehydrogenase, carbonic anhydrase etc.
C- Copper as a co-factor is present in the enzyme tyrosinase, superoxide mutase.
D- Magnesium is the co-factor of many enzymes involved in glucose metabolism.
So the correct option is 'Ni'.
Question 4
1 / -0

Formation of both peptide bonds and glycosidic bonds

A
Involve addition of a phosphate group to the precursor molecules

B
Would not require a catalyst in biological systems

C
Involve removal of a water molecule

D
Involve addition of carboxyl group

Solution

When there is formation of peptide or glycosidic bond, there is loss of one water molecule.
Phosphate group is not required in proteins and carbohydrates formation. In the formation of proteins, ribosomes acts as the catalyst in the biological system. No addition of carboxyl group is required.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 5
1 / -0

Select the right option regarding the given graph.

A
X - axis = Rate of reaction
Y - axis = Enzymatic activity

B
X - axis = Enzymatic activity
Y - axis = Rate of reaction

C
X - axis = Enzymatic activity
Y - axis = pH/Temperature

D
X - axis = pH/Temperature
Y - axis = Enzymatic activity
Solution
Correct option: D

Explanation:
- The rate of an enzymatic activity (Y axis) increases as the pH/temperature (X axis) increases to attain optimum activity. However, at high pH/temperature the rate decreases again because of the denaturation of enzymes that are not functional.
- Therefore, the correct option is D.
Question 6
1 / -0

Match the items listed in column I with column II and mark the correct option.
Column I Column II
a. Glycosidic bond
b. Tertiary structure
c. Biuret test
d. Single alphabet code 'P' (i) Protein detection
(ii) Dehydration reaction
(iii) Formation of catalytic site
(iv) Proline

A
a - (i), b - (ii), c - (iv), d - (iii)

B
a - (iii), b - (ii), c - (iv), d - (i)

C
a - (ii), b - (iii), c - (i), d - (iv)

D
a - (iii), b - (iv), c - (ii), d - (i)
Solution
- Glycosidic bonds are the bonds that connect the two molecules of sugars to each other, they are formed by the process of dehydration (removal of water) also called dehydration synthesis.
- The tertiary structure of a protein helps in the maintenance of the stability of an enzyme and is used to maintain the protein structure of an enzyme.
- The biuret test is the test for the detection of peptides or proteins in food.
- Single alphabet code 'P' stands for amino acid proline.
So, the correct option is 'a - (ii), b - (iii), c - (i), d - (iv)'
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following statements about enzymes are true?

A
Enzyme catalyse chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy

B
Enzymes are highly specific both in binding chiral substrates and in catalysing their reactions

C
Enzymes lack in nucleophilic groups

D
Pepsin is proteolytic enzyme

Solution
Question 8
1 / -0

Select the option which is not correct with respect to enzyme action.

A
Inhibition of succinic dehydrogenase by alonate can be reversed by addition of lot of succinate.

B
In non-competitive inhibition substrate does not bind with substrate binding site but binds at some other site of enzyme.

C
Sulpha drugs are competitive inhibitors of folic acid synthesis in bacteria, they substitute for pamino benzoic acid

D
Cyanide kills an animal by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase, its effect can be overcome by increasing substrate concentration.

Solution

A) Malonate act as the competitive inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase. Malonate binds to the active site of succinate dehydrogenase and inhibits the binding of the succinate to the active site of succinate dehydrogenase. If the substrate succinate concentration is increased and then remove the malonate from the active site. The reaction proceeds normally.
B) In non- competitive inhibition, inhibitor bind to the allosteric site. which alter the active site of the enzyme and prevent the bind of the substrate to the active site and substrate bind to another site instead of the active site.
C) Sulpha drugs are the synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits the synthesis of folic acids in bacteria. Sulpha drugs are the structural analogue of para-aminobenzoic acid, it requires for the synthesis of dihydofolic acid a precursor of folic acid. That's why sulpha drugs are competitive inhibitors of folic acid synthesis in bacteria because they substitute for para-aminobenzene.
D) Cyanide inhibits oxygen consumption by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase and kills the animal and its effect can be overcome by the nitric oxide (NO).
So, the correct answer is 'Cyanide kills an animal by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase, its ffect can be overcome by increasing substrate concentration.'
Question 9
1 / -0

The formation of peptide bonds is catalysed by the enzyme ________.

A
Peptidyl transferase

B
Endonuclease

C
DNA ligase

D
DNA Polymerase

Solution

The formation of the peptide bond is catalyzed by peptidyl transferase, an RNA-based enzyme that is integrated into the large ribosomal subunit.
Hence the correct answer is (A)
Question 10
1 / -0

Statement-I : Lac operon explains the regulation of enzyme synthesis by the substrate.
Statement-II : In any operon, the regulatory gene must be always located very close to structural genes.

A
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

B
Statement I is correct and Statement II is wrong

C
Statement I is wrong and Statement II is correct

D
Both Statement I and Statement II are wrong

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Column I	Column II
a. Glycosidic bond b. Tertiary structure c. Biuret test d. Single alphabet code 'P'	(i) Protein detection (ii) Dehydration reaction (iii) Formation of catalytic site (iv) Proline

Biomolecules Test - 93

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Biomolecules Test - 93

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Question 1

X - 1,4- $$\alpha$$-glycosidic bondsY - 1,4-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids

X - 1,4-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic bondsY - 1,6-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic bonds

X - 1,6-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acidsY - 1,4-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids

X - 1,6-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acidsY - 1,6-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids

Solution

Question 2

$$1$$

$$2$$

$$3$$

$$6$$

Solution

Question 3

Ni

Zn

Cu

Mg

Solution

Question 4

Involve addition of a phosphate group to the precursor molecules

Would not require a catalyst in biological systems

Involve removal of a water molecule

Involve addition of carboxyl group

Solution

Question 5

X - axis = Rate of reactionY - axis = Enzymatic activity

X - axis = Enzymatic activityY - axis = Rate of reaction

X - axis = Enzymatic activityY - axis = pH/Temperature

X - axis = pH/TemperatureY - axis = Enzymatic activity

Solution

Question 6

a - (i), b - (ii), c - (iv), d - (iii)

a - (iii), b - (ii), c - (iv), d - (i)

a - (ii), b - (iii), c - (i), d - (iv)

a - (iii), b - (iv), c - (ii), d - (i)

Solution

Question 7

Enzyme catalyse chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy

Enzymes are highly specific both in binding chiral substrates and in catalysing their reactions

Enzymes lack in nucleophilic groups

Pepsin is proteolytic enzyme

Solution

Question 8

Inhibition of succinic dehydrogenase by alonate can be reversed by addition of lot of succinate.

In non-competitive inhibition substrate does not bind with substrate binding site but binds at some other site of enzyme.

Sulpha drugs are competitive inhibitors of folic acid synthesis in bacteria, they substitute for pamino benzoic acid

Cyanide kills an animal by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase, its effect can be overcome by increasing substrate concentration.

Solution

Question 9

Peptidyl transferase

Endonuclease

DNA ligase

DNA Polymerase

Solution

Question 10

Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

Statement I is correct and Statement II is wrong

Statement I is wrong and Statement II is correct

Both Statement I and Statement II are wrong

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X - 1,4- $$\alpha$$-glycosidic bonds
Y - 1,4-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids

X - 1,4-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic bonds
Y - 1,6-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic bonds

X - 1,6-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids
Y - 1,4-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids

X - 1,6-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids
Y - 1,6-$$\alpha$$-glycosidic acids

X - axis = Rate of reaction
Y - axis = Enzymatic activity

X - axis = Enzymatic activity
Y - axis = Rate of reaction

X - axis = Enzymatic activity
Y - axis = pH/Temperature

X - axis = pH/Temperature
Y - axis = Enzymatic activity