Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles and Techniques Test

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Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles and Techniques Test - 3

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Question 1
1 / -0

Delocalisation of σ-electrons of C -H bond of an alkyl group directly attached to an atom of unsaturated system or to an atom with an unshared p-orbital is called :

A
Elimination reactions

B
Substitution reactions

C
Rearrangement reactions

D
Hyperconjugation

Solution

The interaction of the electrons in a sigma bond (usually C–H or C–C) with an adjacent empty (or partially filled) non-bonding p-orbital, antibonding σ or π orbital,or filled π orbital, to give an extended molecular orbital that increases the stability of the system is Hyperconjugation.
Question 2
1 / -0

Hyperconjugation in an organic compound is a

A
destabilizing interaction

B
stabilizing interaction

C
delocalisation of σ electrons of C -C bond of an alkyl group

D
temporary effect

Solution

Hyperconjugation is the stabilizing interaction that results from the interaction of the electrons in a C-H σ-bond with an adjacent empty p orbital or a π orbital to give an extended molecular orbital that increases the stability of the system. It is a permanent effect.
Question 3
1 / -0

Covalent bonds are formed with other carbon atoms due to

A
catenation

B
substitution

C
ionisation

D
coordination

Solution

Catenation is the linkage of atoms of the same element into longer chains.Catenation occurs most readily in carbon, which forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms to form longer chains and structures. This is the reason for the presence of the vast number of organic compounds in nature.
Question 4
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Which of the following organic compound Wohler synthesised from an inorganic compound, ammonium cyanate in the presence of heat:

A
HOCH(CN)₂

B
Urea

C
ammonium hydroxide

D
ammonia

Solution

The reaction can be given as starting with solutions of potassium cyanate and ammonium chloride which are mixed, heated and cooled again to get ammonium cyanate salt which on decomposition gives the urea.
Question 5
1 / -0

The molecular formula C₃H₈O represents two alcohols: propan-1-ol and propan-2-ol. This property is called as:

A
Metamerism

B
Position isomerism

C
Functional group isomerism

D
Chain isomerism

Solution

propan-1-ol and propan-2-ol are positional isomers as they differ only in the position of functional group -OH.

Positional isomers are isomers that have the same carbon skeleton and the same functional groups but differ from each other in the location of the functional groups on or in the carbon chain.