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Environmental Chemistry Test - 14

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 14
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which method is used to degrade the waste by microorganism in the absence of oxygen?
    Solution
    Anaerobic digestion is a series of biological processes in which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen. One of the end products is biogas, which is combusted to generate electricity and heat, or can be processed into renewable natural gas and transportation fuels.
  • Question 2
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    Which of the following is not primary pollutant?
    Solution

    Primary Pollutants are the ones which are injected into the atmosphere directly.  Examples include:

    1. Carbon monoxide (CO)
    2. Oxides of nitrogen ($$N{ O }_{ x },NO$$ )
    3. Sulfur oxides ($$S{ O }_{ x }$$)
    4. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
    5. Particulate matter (dust, ash, salt particles)
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Green chemistry is:
    Solution
    Green chemistry, also called sustainable chemistry, is an area of chemistry and chemical engineering focused on the designing of products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances.
    Green chemistry applies across the life cycle of a chemical product, including its design, manufacture, use, and ultimate disposal
  • Question 4
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    Reasons of water pollution includes _____.
    Solution

    Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater). This form of environmental degradation occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.

  • Question 5
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    Which of these are particulates?
    Solution
    PM stands for particulate matter (also called particle pollution) the term for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. Some particles, such as dust, dirt, fumes, soot, smoke, mist or fly ash are large or dark enough to be seen with the naked eye.
  • Question 6
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    _______ is an environment-friendly product and better than halons which are used to extinguish fire.
    Solution
    Pyrocool is a product which is environmentally benign foam discovered using concept of Green chemistry. Large-scale fires such as oil tankers and jet airplane can be extinguished in a short time and in a better way than previous use of the halons.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Industrial waste include:
    Solution
    Industrial waste is the waste produced by industrial activity which includes any material that is rendered useless during a manufacturing process such as that of factories, industries, mills, and mining operations. It has existed since the start of the Industrial Revolution. Some examples of industrial wastes are chemical solvents, paints, sandpaper, paper products, industrial by-products, metals, and radioactive wastes.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    $$pH$$ of the rain is increased in heavy industrial area due to:
    Solution
    Acid rain is the emission of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen in the atmosphere. This includes burning of fossil fuels containing sulphur and nitrogenous matter (such as coal and oil in furnaces and power stations, petrol and diesel in automobiles). 
    Due to increase in acid gases in rain, the pH will change due to acid rain.

  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Height of Stratosphere above earth's surface in (Km) is:
    Solution

    The stratosphere is the second major layer of Earth's atmosphere, just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere. It starts at 10–13 km (33,000–43,000 ft; 6.2–8.1 mi) and ends at 50 km (160,000 ft; 31 mi).

  • Question 10
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    Which of them are Non-biodegradable waste?
    Solution
    The waste materials which cannot be broken down into non-poisonous or harmless substances in nature are called non-biodegradable waste.
    Examples are plastics, polythene bags, ball-point pen refills, synthetic fibres, and glass objects, metal articles like aluminium cans, iron nails, silver foil and radioactive wastes.
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