Environmental Chemistry Test

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 15

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Photochemical smog was first observed in.

A
Los Angeles

B
Tokyo

C
New York

D
Sydney

Solution

Photochemical smog was first observed in Los Angeles.
It is also called as Los Angeles Smog.
So, the correct option is 'Los Angeles'.
Question 2
1 / -0

The introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change is called ________.

A
Pollution

B
Emission

C
Greenhouse effect

D
None of above

Solution

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light.

Hence, te correct option is $$\text{A}$$
Question 3
1 / -0

The amount of oxygen required by bacteria to break down the organic matter present in a certain volume of a sample of water, is called ________

A
BOD

B
ABE

C
COD

D
Standard amount of oxygen

Solution

The amount of oxygen required by bacteria to break down the organic matter present in a certain volume of a sample of water is called Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD)

The amount of BOD in the water is a measure of the amount of organic material in the water, in terms of how much oxygen will be required to break it down biologically.
Question 4
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An increase in carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere would not cause:

A
More heat to be retained by the enviroment

B
Increasing in photosynthesis in plants

C
Global warming

D
Abundance of desert plants

Solution

$$CO_{2}$$ is a green house gas, thus it's increase will trap more heat and will cause global warming .Also increased $$CO_{2}$$ will increase the rate of photosynthesis however, $$CO_{2}$$ increase doesn't contribute towards deserted conditions. Instead I, lack of water and increased temperature causes deserted conditions and will promote the growth of desert plants. That why the options A will correct answer.
Question 5
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Which of the following are causes of industrial pollution?

A
Asbestos

B
Oils

C
Nitrates & Phosphates

D
All of above

Solution

All the options are causes of industrial pollution
Asbestos:
This pollutant has cancer-causing properties. When inhaled, it can cause illnesses such as asbestosis and some types of cancer.
Nitrates & Phosphates:
These are found in fertilizers, and are often washed from the soils to nearby water bodies. They can cause eutrophication, which can be very problematic to marine environments.
Oils:
Oils form a thick layer on the water surface because they do not dissolve in water. This can stop marine plants receiving enough light for photosynthesis.
Question 6
1 / -0

__________ is the deterioration (destruction) of the earths land surfaces, often directly or indirectly as a result of mans activities and their misuse of land resources.

A
Land pollution

B
Soil erosion

C
Deforestation

D
Enrichment of soil

Solution

Land pollution is the deterioration (destruction) of the earths land surfaces, often directly or indirectly as a result of mans activities and their misuse of land resources.
It occurs when waste is not disposed of properly, or can occur when humans throw chemicals onto the soil in the form of pesticides, insecticides and fertilizers during agricultural practices.
Question 7
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Acid rain is caused by _______.

A
emission of gases from industries

B
air pollutants

C
both (A) and (B)

D
none of above

Solution

Chemical reactions involving air pollutants can create acidic compounds which can cause harm to vegetation and buildings. Sometimes, when an air pollutant, such as sulfuric acid combines with the water droplets that make up clouds, the water droplets become acidic, forming acid rain.
Question 8
1 / -0

Pollution is mainly caused by:

A
increase in population and decrease in natural resources

B
industrialisation

C
urbanization and deforestation

D
all the above
Solution
1. Population explosion ends up in over use of natural resources and hence pollutes the environment. For example higher population pollutes our water resources around us.
2. industralisation ends up in the release of effluents into water bodies or spoiling land areas.
3. Cutting down trees for fuel and burning end up in air pollution.
4. Urbanisation after deforestation ends up in polluted atmosphere and deficit of fresh water for human use.
Question 9
1 / -0

From marshy places, methane gas is liberated due to:

A
degradation of biomass

B
oxidation of biomass

C
burning of biomass

D
reduction of biomass

Solution

Marsh gas/methane gas is produced when vegetation decomposes in water. So, it's a decomposition product of organic matter.
Question 10
1 / -0

Gases responsible for acid rain are:

A
$$NO$$, $$CO_{2}$$

B
$$NO_{2}$$, $$SO_{2}$$

C
$$CO$$, $$CO_{2}$$

D
$$CO_{2}$$, $$SO_{2}$$

Solution

Hint: Acid rain is caused by the emissions of such molecules which react with water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.

Correct Answer: Option $$B$$

Explanation for correct option:
Acid rain is the deposition of acidic substances that appear in various forms. Acid rain appears in the form of rain, snow or fog. The major source of acid rain is the reactions that occur in the environment.
During rain, the water reacts with $$SO_{2}$$ present in the atmosphere and form strong sulphuric acid which causes to make it acidic in nature.

$$2SO_{2} + 2H_{2}O + O_{2} \rightarrow 2H_{2}SO_{4}$$

Similarly, $$NO_{2}$$ present in the atmosphere reacts with water during the rain and form nitric acid.

$$2NO_{2} + 2H_{2}O + O_{2} \rightarrow 2HNO_{3}$$

Explanation for incorrect options:
All other given gases react with water but do not form strong acids, therefore, not responsible for acid rain.

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 15

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 15

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Los Angeles

Tokyo

New York

Sydney

Solution

Question 2

Pollution

Emission

Greenhouse effect

None of above

Solution

Question 3

BOD

ABE

COD

Standard amount of oxygen

Solution

Question 4

More heat to be retained by the enviroment

Increasing in photosynthesis in plants

Global warming

Abundance of desert plants

Solution

Question 5

Asbestos

Oils

Nitrates & Phosphates

All of above

Solution

Question 6

Land pollution

Soil erosion

Deforestation

Enrichment of soil

Solution

Question 7

emission of gases from industries

air pollutants

both (A) and (B)

none of above

Solution

Question 8

increase in population and decrease in natural resources

industrialisation

urbanization and deforestation

all the above

Solution

Question 9

degradation of biomass

oxidation of biomass

burning of biomass

reduction of biomass

Solution

Question 10

$$NO$$, $$CO_{2}$$

$$NO_{2}$$, $$SO_{2}$$

$$CO$$, $$CO_{2}$$

$$CO_{2}$$, $$SO_{2}$$

Solution

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