Environmental Chemistry Test

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 25

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following statement is/are incorrect about acid rain?

A

Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide produce acid rain

B
It is only harmful to plants and animals but does not damage buildings and other structures made of stone or metal

C
It depletes ozone layer

D
Both B and C
Question 2
1 / -0

On the basis of the given graph select the correct statement.

A
$$X$$ shows the amount of pollutants present in water.

B
$$Y$$ shows the population of fishes and other fresh water organisms.

C
$$Y$$ shows the amount of oxygen dissolved in water.

D
$$Y$$ shows the population of bacteria and algae.

Solution
Question 3
1 / -0

Study the given flowchart and identify $$K,\,L,\,M\;and\;N$$ respectively.

A
Carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, methane, sulphur dioxide

B
Carbon monoxide, methane, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides

C
Methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide

D
Sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, nitrogen oxides

Solution

Marsh gas is methane and CO is a gas that causes breathing difficulties and even death.
The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.

The main chemicals in air pollution that create acid rain are sulfur dioxide and nitrogen. Acid rain usually forms high in the clouds where sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with water, oxygen, and oxidants. This mixture forms a mild solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
*$$SO_2$$
**$$NO_2$$

Option B is correct.
Question 4
1 / -0

The given graph shows various air pollutants and their effects labelled $$X,\,Y\;and\;Z$$. Identify $$X,\,Y\;and\;Z$$ and select the correct option.
$$\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;$$X$$\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;$$Y$$\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;$$Z
(A)$$\;\;$$Acid rain$$\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;$$Ozone hole$$\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;$$Green house effect
(B)$$\;\;$$Greenhouse effect$$\;\;\;\;\;$$Ozone hole$$\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;$$Acid rain
(C)$$\;\;$$Ozone hole$$\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;$$Green house effect$$\;\;\;\;$$Acid rain
(D)$$\;\;$$Acid rain$$\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;$$Green house effect$$\;\;\;\;\;\;$$Ozone hole

A
$$X \rightarrow Acid\ rain ;Y \rightarrow Ozone\ hole ; Z \rightarrow Green\ house\ effect $$

B
$$X \rightarrow Acid\ rain ;Z \rightarrow Ozone\ hole ; Y \rightarrow Green\ house\ effect $$

C
$$Z \rightarrow Acid\ rain ;Y \rightarrow Ozone\ hole ; X \rightarrow Green\ house\ effect $$

D
$$Z \rightarrow Acid\ rain ;X \rightarrow Ozone\ hole ; Y \rightarrow Green\ house\ effect $$
Solution
The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
The main chemicals in air pollution that create acid rain are sulfur dioxide and nitrogen. Acid rain usually forms high in the clouds where sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with water, oxygen, and oxidants. this mixture forms a mild solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
The Main Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODS):
- Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
  The most widely used ODS, accounting for over 80% of total stratospheric ozone depletion.
- Halons
  Used in some fire extinguishers, in cases where materials and equipment would be destroyed by water or other fire extinguisher chemicals. In B.C., halons cause greater damage to the ozone layer than do CFCs from automobile air conditioners.
- Methyl Chloroform
  Used mainly in industry for vapour degreasing, some aerosols, cold cleaning, adhesives and chemical processing.
- Carbon Tetrachloride
  Used in solvents and some fire extinguishers.
- Hydrofluorocarbons (HCFCs)
  HCFCs have become major, transitional substitutes for CFCs. They are much less harmful to stratospheric ozone than CFCs are. But HCFCs they still cause some ozone destruction and are potent greenhouse gases.
Question 5
1 / -0

The oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, react with water in the atmosphere to form ________.

A
Troposphere

B
Acid rain

C
Ozone

D
Hydrosphere
Question 6
1 / -0

The first organic pesticide to be used commercially was

A
Bordeaux mixture

B
Burgandy mixture

C
DDT

D
2, 4 - D

Solution

DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) is a colorless, crystalline, tasteless and almost odorless organochloride known for its insecticidal properties. DDT has been formulated in almost every conceivable form, including solutions in xylene or petroleum distillates, emulsifiable concentrates, water-wettable powders, granules, aerosols, smoke candles and charges for vaporizers and lotions.
First synthesized in 1874, DDT's insecticidal action was discovered by the Swiss chemist Paul Hermann Mller in 1939.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Question 7
1 / -0

Acid rain contains a mixture of ________.

A
Sulfur dioxide ($$SO_2$$) and nitrogen oxide ($$NO_2$$)

B
HCl

C
Both A and B

D
CO

Question 8

1 / -0

Match the column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

Column I	Column II
(a) Particulate matter	(i) Chemical water pollutants
(b) Oil spills	(ii) Non-degradable
(c) Detergents	(iii) Degradable soil pollutants
(d) Plastics	(iv) Air pollutants
(e) Domestic wastes	(v) Physical water pollutants

a-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii), (e)-(v)

a-(iv), (b)-(v), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii), (e)-(iii)

a-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv), (e)-(v)

a-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(v), (e)-(iv)

Solution

a) Air pollutants are particulate matter such as lead, $$CO_2$$, ozone, etc.

b) Oil spills are physical water pollutants as the oil forms a layer over the water surface disrupting the underwater environment.

c) Detergents are chemical water pollutant as they pollute the water to a great extent. The phosphate content in the detergents cause variety of problems.

d) Plastics are non-degradable materials as they cannot be degraded.

e) Domestic waste are degradable soil pollutants as these can degrade as can be used as manure in agricultural purposes.

Question 9
1 / -0

Rain is called as acid rain when its pH is below

A
7

B
6.5

C
6

D
4 to 5

Solution

Acid rain is a rain that is acidic, meaning it has very low pH. When sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air, they react with water and oxygen and produces sulfuric and nitric acids. These acids then mix with water and result in acid rain. Normal rain water is slightly acidic with a pH range of 5-6. When the pH level of rain water falls below this range, it becomes acid rain. It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals and infrastructure.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 10
1 / -0

Acid rain occurs when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides combine with water vapors in the atmosphere and fall as rain. Which of the following is not caused by acid rain?

A
Decreased quality of air

B
Reduced growth of forests

C
Reduced pH of water bodies

D
Destruction of marble buildings

Solution

Acid rain does not pollute air rather acid rain is caused due to the air pollution. The air pollutants consisting $$SO_2$$ and $$NO_x$$, they combine with the water vapour.

$$SO_2+O_2+H_2O\longrightarrow H_2SO_4$$

$$2NO +2H_2O\longrightarrow 2HNO_2+H_2$$

$$4NO_2+2H_2O+O_2\longrightarrow 4HNO_3$$

Due to the formation of these acids, the rain is acidic.

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 25

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 25

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide produce acid rain

It is only harmful to plants and animals but does not damage buildings and other structures made of stone or metal

It depletes ozone layer

Both B and C

Question 2

$$X$$ shows the amount of pollutants present in water.

$$Y$$ shows the population of fishes and other fresh water organisms.

$$Y$$ shows the amount of oxygen dissolved in water.

$$Y$$ shows the population of bacteria and algae.

Solution

Question 3

Carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, methane, sulphur dioxide

Carbon monoxide, methane, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides

Methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide

Sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, nitrogen oxides

Solution

Question 4

$$X \rightarrow Acid\ rain ;Y \rightarrow Ozone\ hole ; Z \rightarrow Green\ house\ effect $$

$$X \rightarrow Acid\ rain ;Z \rightarrow Ozone\ hole ; Y \rightarrow Green\ house\ effect $$

$$Z \rightarrow Acid\ rain ;Y \rightarrow Ozone\ hole ; X \rightarrow Green\ house\ effect $$

$$Z \rightarrow Acid\ rain ;X \rightarrow Ozone\ hole ; Y \rightarrow Green\ house\ effect $$

Solution

Question 5

Troposphere

Acid rain

Ozone

Hydrosphere

Question 6

Bordeaux mixture

Burgandy mixture

DDT

2, 4 - D

Solution

Question 7

Sulfur dioxide ($$SO_2$$) and nitrogen oxide ($$NO_2$$)

HCl

Both A and B

CO

Question 8

a-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii), (e)-(v)

a-(iv), (b)-(v), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii), (e)-(iii)

a-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv), (e)-(v)

a-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(v), (e)-(iv)

Solution

Question 9

7

6.5

6

4 to 5

Solution

Question 10

Decreased quality of air

Reduced growth of forests

Reduced pH of water bodies

Destruction of marble buildings

Solution

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