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Environmental Chemistry Test - 27

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 27
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The rain mixed with sulphuric acid is called as
    Solution
    The oxides in the atmosphere can react with the water to form respective acids. Generally, the non-metal oxides such as sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide react with water to form sulphuric and nitric acid. These acids along with rain water fall on earth as acid rain.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Acid rain is caused due to increase in concentration of
    Solution
    Acid rain refers to the precipitation with a pH of less than 5. It is a mixture of H$$_2$$SO$$_4$$ and HNO$$_3$$, the ratio of the two acids vary depending on the relative quantities of sulphur oxides and nitrogen oxides present in the atmosphere. These oxides are mainly produced by combustion of fossil fuels, smelters, industries, power plants, automobile exhausts etc. SO$$_2$$ and NO when present in large quantities dissolved in water vapour form sulphuric acid and nitric acid which dissolve in rain water resulting in acid rain (H$$_2$$SO$$_4$$ ) and (HNO$$_3$$) which in turn causes great damage to forests and vegetation.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Taj Mahal marble is affected by
    Solution
    Sulfur dioxide emitted by factories near the monument and exhaust from trucks and buses are slowly corroding the Taj Mahal's soft marble. SO$$_2$$ produces sulfurous and sulfuric acids with water. Sulfuric acid reacts with marble to produce calcium sulphate which is soluble in water hence marble dissolves and erodes. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    At what height over the earth does the ozone layer exist?
    Solution
    The ozone layer is present in the stratosphere above the Earth. The layer is present at a distance of about 20-30 km away from the surface of the Earth. The layer of ozone is responsible for the absorption of the harmful UV radiations from the solar radiations. These radiations are prevented from entering the Earth's atmosphere to prevent the development of skin cancer. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D. 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    PAN (peroxyacetyl nitrate), an important constituent of photochemical smog is a
    Solution
    Secondary air pollutants are produced photochemically from primary pollutants and are called photochemical oxidants. These occur in photochemical smog. Nitrogen oxides, oxygen and ketone bodies combine to form peroxy acyl nitrates or PAN, which is a major constituent of photochemical smog. PAN damages chloroplasts, inhibit electron system and spoil enzyme systems controlling cellular metabolism.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Acid rain is harmful to
    Solution
    Sulfur dioxide (SO$$_2$$) and nitrogen oxides (NO$$_2$$) are emitted into the atmosphere and transported by the wind and air currents. The SO$$_2$$ and NO$$_2$$ react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form sulfuric and nitric acids. These then mix with water and other materials before falling to the ground in the form of acid rain. When this acid deposits on land or water it results in acidity harming organisms. It also causes corrosion of building materials and paints. Thus the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is a photochemical reaction product?
    Solution
    The ozone molecule is formed due to the action of the UV rays with the oxygen molecules. When the UV rays penetrate in the Earth's atmosphere, the radiations react with the O$$_2$$ molecule to form oxygen atoms which react again to form O$$_3$$. This reaction is known as photochemical reaction in which light and radiations form ozone. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D. 
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which disease in children is caused by the intensive use of nitrate fertilizers? 
    Solution

  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Addition of phosphates and nitrates/fertilizers into water leads to ________.
    Solution

    Addition of phosphates and nitrates/fertilizers into water leads to nutrient enrichment which is also called as eutrophication. It is the enrichment of water bodies with excessive nutrients and fertilizers. This is a kind of water pollution, because excessive nutrients result in growth of plants and algae which consume oxygen present.

  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    PAN (peroxyacetyl nitrate) is an important constituent of photochemical smog. It is
    Solution
    PAN is an important constituent of photochemical smog which are powerful respiratory and eye irritants. These are secondary pollutants, which means they are not emitted directly but they are formed from other pollutants by chemical reactions in the atmosphere. Free radical reactions catalyzed by ultraviolet light from the sun oxidize unburned hydrocarbons to aldehydes, ketones, and dicarbonyl compounds, whose secondary reactions create peroxyacyl radicals, which combine with nitrogen dioxide to form peroxyacyl nitrates.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
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