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Environmental Chemistry Test - 32

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 32
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Below given are few effects
    A. Acidification of soil reduces fertility of soil
    B. Destroys aquatic life and pollutes water resources
    C. Causes irritation to eyes and skin of human beings and cattles
    D. Causes erosion to buildings, bridges, statues etc
    These all are the effects of ?
    Solution
    The ecological effects of acid rain are most clearly seen in aquatic environments, such as streams, lakes, and marshes where it can be harmful to fish and other wildlife. As it flows through the soil, acidic rain water can leach aluminum from soil clay particles and then flow into streams and lakes.

    Plant life in areas where acid rain is common may grow more slowly or die as a result of soil acidification. These effects occur because acid rain leaches many of the existing soil nutrients from the soil. The number of micro-organisms present in the soil also decreases as the soil becomes more acidic.

    Acid rain can also change the composition of soil and bodies of water, making them uninhabitable for local animals and plants. For example, healthy lakes have a pH of 6.5 or higher. As acid rain raises the level of acidity, fish tend to die off. Most fish species can't survive a water pH of below 5.

    Acid rain can ruin buildings and statues by stripping away the material and corroding metal that makes up these structures. Architects chose limestone, marble, steel and brass as durable materials intended to resist the elements.

    Hence , As we see all are the effects of acid rain .
    Therefore , option D is correct .
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    40 to 50% depletion in ozone layer occurs in the .......... polar region
    Solution
    40 to 50% depletion in ozone layer occurs in the South polar region.
    Ozone is destroyed by collisions with other atoms and molecules.
    The large scale destruction of the stratospheric ozone first came into focus in 1987 through the experiments in antarctica.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is correct about acid rain?
    Solution
    When oxides of sulphur and nitrogen which are emitted by the industries, react with the moisture present in the atmosphere, they form acids.
    Thus, these acids reduce the pH of the rain falling on the Earth and hence acid rain is acidic in nature.
    $$pH$$ of acid  rain is 5.5
    Hence, correct answer is option $$A$$.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Destruction of ozone can cause 
    Solution
    Destruction of ozone can cause skin cancer, cataract and can hinder growth of plant. Ozone prevents the harmful radiations from reaching the surface of earth. The UV radiation has enough energy to cause adverse effects on all life systems, especially humans. It can destroy parts of DNA molecules that stores and propagate genetic information from one generation to another generation.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The pH of acid rain is in the range:
    Solution
    The pH of acid rain is in the range 3.5 to 5.6 . Typical value can be 4.0 .
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is true about acid rain?
    Solution
    Acid rain damages buildings by reacting with the chemicals in the building material. It also makes the soil acidic and reduces its fertility by making it less suitable for growing crops.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following are the examples of industrial waste?
    Solution
    Industrial wastes include any material that is rendered during a manufacturing process, For example, in a textile industry, wastes may be in the form of fibres used to wipe off oil. Industrial wastes include chemicals (lead, mercury, arsenic, etc.), paints, sandpaper, paper products, industrial by-products, metals, etc.

    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Acid rain is a mixture of:
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following takes place during the formation of acid rain?
    Solution
    Formation of acid rain:
    • Burning of fossil fuels which releases $$\displaystyle { SO }_{ 2 }$$.
    • $$\displaystyle { SO }_{ 2 }$$ reacts with water vapour to form sulphurous acid.
    • $$\displaystyle { SO }_{ 2 }$$ can also be oxidized to $$\displaystyle { SO }_{ 3 }$$ by reacting with $$O_2$$.
    • $$\displaystyle { SO }_{ 3 }$$ reacts with water vapour forming sulphuric acid.

    • Option D is correct. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which of the following take places during the formation of acid rain?
    Solution
    a) Combination of nitrogen with oxygen in air, to give NO.
             $$N_2 + O_2\rightarrow 2NO$$
    b) Oxidation of NO to $$NO_2$$ takes place.
             $$NO + O_2\rightarrow NO_2$$
    c) Reaction of $$NO_2$$ with water vapor forming nitrous acid and nitric acid.
              $$NO_2 + H_2O\rightarrow HNO_2 + HNO_3$$
    These three steps take place during the formation of acid rain.
    So answer is D.
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