Environmental Chemistry Test

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 44

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Biosphere is:

A
the solid shell of inorganic materials on the surface of the Earth

B
the thin shell of organic matter on the surface of earth comprising of all the living things

C
the sphere which occupies the maximum volume of all the spheres

D
all of the above

Solution

Biosphere is an ecological system consisting of living as well as non living things and interacting in a certain specific way.
Question 2
1 / -0

Of the following, which is a greenhouse gas?

A
Nitrogen dioxide

B
Sulphur dioxide

C
Carbon dioxide

D
Carbon monoxide

Solution

Greenhouse gases generally traps the radiations of the earth which leads to increase in the temperature of the earth and is the major cause for global warming. The greenhouse gases includes water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following is responsible for the 80% depreciation in the ozone layer?

A
Chloroflurocarbon

B
Chloride ion

C
Sulphur ion

D
Magnesium ion
Solution
- Chlorofluorocarbon accounts for 80% of the depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere.
- CFCs contain chlorine atoms which when exposed to UV radiations from chlorine ions.
- These chlorine ions react with the ozone molecule and remove an oxygen atom at a time and thus, breaking down ozone molecules.
- One atom of chlorine can decompose 100,000 molecules of ozone.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which type of electron is present in free radical?

A
Unpaired and extremely reactive

B
Paired and extremely inactive

C
Unpaired and extremely inactive

D
Paired and extremely reactive

Solution

Free radicals have unpaired electrons. These are extremely reactive. As one chlorine free radical can remove 11000 ozone molecules from stratosphere.
Question 5
1 / -0

An important product in the ozone depletion by chlorofluorocarbons is:

A
$$Cl_2$$

B
$$OCl$$

C
$$OF_2$$

D
$$O_2F_2$$
Solution
A.Correct option-B
B.Explanation for correct option-B
In $$CFCl_3$$, one chlorine atom gets release because of UV radiation in the stratosphere.
This released chlorine atom then reacts with ozone. So, the important product in ozone depletion by chlorofluorocarbons is chlorine monoxide.
Question 6
1 / -0

The chemical entities present in thermosphere of the atmosphere are:

A
$$O_{2}^{+}, O^{+}, N^{+}$$

B
$$O_{3}$$

C
$$N_{2}, O_{2}, CO_{2}, H_{2}O$$

D
$$O_{2}, O_{2}^{+}, O_{2}$$

Solution

The thermosphere is the fourth layer of the earht's atmosphere and is located above the mesophere. The air is thin in the thermosphere. The earth's thermosphere also includes the region of the atmosphere, called the ionosphere. The ionosphere is the region of the atmosphere that is filled with charged particles such as $$O_{2}^{+}, O^{+}, NO^{+}$$. The high temperature in the thermosphere can cause molecules to ionise.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which one of the following is not a common component of photo-chemical smog?

A
Ozone

B
Acrolein

C
Peroxy acetyl nitrate

D
Chloro flouro carbons

Solution

Correct Option: $$D$$

Hint: Photochemical smog is a colloidal solution of liquid and solid particles dispersed in the air.

Explanation:
The photochemical smog is a result of high air pollution in a particular region .

Photochemical smog looks like brown haze and is most prominent in the morning and afternoon.

Photochemical smog is formed when sunlight reacts with oxides of nitrogen and at least one volatile organic compound (VOC) in the atmosphere

Some common components of photochemical smog are ozone,acrolein, various nitrogen oxides ($$NO_x$$), $$PAN$$ etc.

$$CFC$$ is not a component of photochemical smog it deployed ozone layer of atmosphere and make ozone hole.

Final Answer: $$CFC$$ is not a component of photochemical smog.
Question 8
1 / -0

Marine renewable energy converts energy to electricity that we can use on land to fulfil our electricity demands with the help of:

A
tidal streams

B
waves and wind

C
both a and b

D
none of these

Solution

Marine renewable energy converts energy from tidal streams, waves and wind to electricity that we can use on land to fulfil our electricity demands. Offshore wind energy alone could generate up to one third of the UK's energy demands.
Question 9
1 / -0

The pH of acid rain water is

A
1.2

B
5.6

C
3.1

D
6.0

Solution

Rain water turns acidic due to the presence of carbonic acid. The carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere from vehicles and factories combines with water in clouds to form carbonic acid. The pH of rain water is around 5.6. Thus the correct answer is option B.
Question 10
1 / -0

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are believed to be associated with cancers because,

A
CFCs react with DNA and cause mutations.

B
CFCs react with proteins involved in DNA repair.

C
CFCs destroy the ozone layer and permit harmful UV rays to reach the earth.

D
CFCs react with DNA polymerase and reduce fideliy of DNA replication.

Solution

Chlorofluorocarbons released into the atmosphere have various ill-effects. These are used as coolants in refrigerators, coolers, etc. CFCs on reaching the atmosphere break the ozone molecule resulting in the formation of oxygen radical and $$O_2$$. This oxygen radical results in depletion of the ozone layer that leads to the penetration of the harmful UV radiations from the sun into the Earth's atmosphere. UV rays are responsible for cancer. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 44

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 44

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Question 1

the solid shell of inorganic materials on the surface of the Earth

the thin shell of organic matter on the surface of earth comprising of all the living things

the sphere which occupies the maximum volume of all the spheres

all of the above

Solution

Question 2

Nitrogen dioxide

Sulphur dioxide

Carbon dioxide

Carbon monoxide

Solution

Question 3

Chloroflurocarbon

Chloride ion

Sulphur ion

Magnesium ion

Solution

Question 4

Unpaired and extremely reactive

Paired and extremely inactive

Unpaired and extremely inactive

Paired and extremely reactive

Solution

Question 5

$$Cl_2$$

$$OCl$$

$$OF_2$$

$$O_2F_2$$

Solution

Question 6

$$O_{2}^{+}, O^{+}, N^{+}$$

$$O_{3}$$

$$N_{2}, O_{2}, CO_{2}, H_{2}O$$

$$O_{2}, O_{2}^{+}, O_{2}$$

Solution

Question 7

Ozone

Acrolein

Peroxy acetyl nitrate

Chloro flouro carbons

Solution

Question 8

tidal streams

waves and wind

both a and b

none of these

Solution

Question 9

1.2

5.6

3.1

6.0

Solution

Question 10

CFCs react with DNA and cause mutations.

CFCs react with proteins involved in DNA repair.

CFCs destroy the ozone layer and permit harmful UV rays to reach the earth.

CFCs react with DNA polymerase and reduce fideliy of DNA replication.

Solution

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