Environmental Chemistry Test

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 45

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Question 1
1 / -0

Convectional rainfall occurs in which type of area?

A
Equatorial area

B
Mountain resin

C
Hilly area

D
All of above

Solution

Convectional rainfall occurs in equatorial area. In this areas, the surface gets heated because of the sun's heat and the air near it also get heated. As it get heated, it spreads and becomes lighter and moves upwards. Condensation of the water vapour takes place and results in rainfall. In equatorial areas such type of rainfall occurs daily.
Question 2
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Which of the following represents type(s) of environmental pollution

A
Air pollution

B
water pollution

C
soil pollution

D
All of the above

Solution

Air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution represents types of environmental pollution. The contamination of air, water and soil is the environmental pollution. Certain impurities are added to environment due to human activities such as burning coal, dumping waste in water, deforestation, burning of fuel etc.
Question 3
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The major air pollutant is:

A
$$CO$$

B
oxides of nitrogen

C
soot

D
oxides of sulphur

Solution

The major air pollutant is carbon monoxide $$ \displaystyle (CO)$$. It is one of the most harmful pollutants.
Other gaseous air pollutants are carbon dioxide, oxides of sulfur, nitrogen, hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulphide, ozone and other oxidants.
Particulate pollutants include mist, dust, smog, fumes etc.
Question 4
1 / -0

Photochemical smog brings about.

A
Defoliation

B
Bleaching and blazing of foliage

C
Floral bud shedding

D
Discolouration and curling of petals

Solution

Photochemical smog also consists of ozone at the ground level.
Ozone can cause bleaching patterns on the surfaces of the leaves of trees.
So, the correct option is 'Bleaching and blazing of foliage'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Acid rain is caused by.

A
Excess production of coal gas

B
Excess release of $$CO_2$$ due to increasing combustion and respiration

C
Excess release of $$SO_2$$ and $$NO_2$$ from burning fossil fuels

D
Excess production of gaseous hydrocarbons
Solution
Correct option: C
Explanation:
Acid rain is caused by the various kinds of pollutants present in the atmosphere that come down when rainfall occurs.
The major pollutants causing acid rain are $$SO_2$$ are $$NO_2$$.
$$SO_2$$ is mainly released when coal is burnt.
While $$NO_2$$ is formed by burning fossil fuels.
Hence, acid rain is caused by the "excess release of $$SO_2$$ and $$NO_2$$ from burning fossil fuels".
Question 6
1 / -0

Thickness of troposphere at the poles is _______.

A
8 km

B
12 km

C
14 km

D
16 km

Solution

At the poles, the thickness of the troposphere varies from $$7 km - 8 km$$ whereas at the equator the thickness varies from $$16 km - 18 km$$. Also according to the season, it varies in height. When the air is densest it is thinner in winter.
Hence, the correct option is (A).
Question 7
1 / -0

Pollutant likely to deplete ozone layer is?

A
CO

B
Nitrogen oxides

C
Chlorofluorocarbons

D
Both B and C
Solution
- Nitrous oxide is stable at ground level and breaks down when it reaches the stratosphere to form nitrogen oxides, that trigger ozone-destruction.
- The main cause of ozone depletion are halocarbon refrigerants, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), HCFCs, halons).
- So, the correct option is 'Both B and C'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Carbonisation of wood produces

A
Charcoal

B
Wood gas

C
Wood oil

D
All of the above

Solution

Carbonisation is a form of pyrolysis in which a substance is heated at a very high temperature. When wood is heated slowly at a high temperature charcoal is produced. Carbonisation of wood requires a temperature of more than 280°C. The reaction is exothermic and continuous breakdown of wood occurs until a residue called charcoal is left. When the temperature is further increased and reaches about 400°C , the process stops.
So, the correct answer is 'Charcoal'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Fertilizers applied to crop plants can pollute ________.

A
Soil resources

B
Water resources

C
Both soil and water resources

D
Soil, water and atmosphere

Solution

The use of fertilizers has many serious disadvantages like it kills the microorganism of the soil which decreases the fertility of the soil. Nitrate-rich water is unfit for drinking and is rather difficult to treat. When nitrate-rich water is carried off into surface water bodies such as ponds, rivers, and lakes it proliferates (accelerates) the growth of algae. These algae consume dissolved oxygen from water and thus deplete the water of its oxygen content leading to the death of useful aquatic life, such as fish. Such an increase in the growth of algae in the lakes, ponds etc. resulting in the reduction of oxygen content in water is called eutrophication.
So, the correct answer is option C
Question 10
1 / -0

The photochemical smog is formed by.

A
Nitrogen oxides

B
Hydrocarbons

C
Nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons

D
Solar radiations upon nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons

Solution

Photochemical smog is a mixture of pollutants that are formed when nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react to sunlight, creating a brown haze above cities. It tends to occur more often in summer, because of most sunlight.
So, the correct option is 'Solar radiations upon nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons'.

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 45

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 45

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Equatorial area

Mountain resin

Hilly area

All of above

Solution

Question 2

Air pollution

water pollution

soil pollution

All of the above

Solution

Question 3

$$CO$$

oxides of nitrogen

soot

oxides of sulphur

Solution

Question 4

Defoliation

Bleaching and blazing of foliage

Floral bud shedding

Discolouration and curling of petals

Solution

Question 5

Excess production of coal gas

Excess release of $$CO_2$$ due to increasing combustion and respiration

Excess release of $$SO_2$$ and $$NO_2$$ from burning fossil fuels

Excess production of gaseous hydrocarbons

Solution

Question 6

8 km

12 km

14 km

16 km

Solution

Question 7

CO

Nitrogen oxides

Chlorofluorocarbons

Both B and C

Solution

Question 8

Charcoal

Wood gas

Wood oil

All of the above

Solution

Question 9

Soil resources

Water resources

Both soil and water resources

Soil, water and atmosphere

Solution

Question 10

Nitrogen oxides

Hydrocarbons

Nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons

Solar radiations upon nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons

Solution

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