Environmental Chemistry Test

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 51

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Acid rain is produced by:

A
excessive release of CO in air

B
excessive release of $$SO_{2}$$ and $$H_{2}S$$ in air

C
excessive release of $$NO_{2}$$ and $$SO_{2}$$ in air

D
excessive release of $$NH_{3}$$ and $$CO_{2}$$ in air

Solution

Acid rain is the state when pH of rain falls 5.6. It is mainly due to the presence of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen ( $$ NO_2 $$ and $$ SO_2 $$ in the atmosphere. They are transported into the atmosphere by wind an other air currents.
Question 2
1 / -0

Read the following statements carefully and select the incorrect ones.

(i) Development of the fertile top-soil takes centuries, but it can be easily removed due to human activities such as over-cultivation, unrestricted grazing, etc.
(ii) Waterlogging results in soil salinity.
(iii) UV rays are responsible for the degradation of the ozone shield in the atmosphere.
(iv) Ozone present in the stratosphere acts as a shield absorbing UV radiation coming from the Sun.
(v) Global warming can be controlled by increasing the use of fossil fuels.

A
(i), (iii) and (v)

B
(iii), (iv) and (v)

C
(iv) and (v)

D
(i), (ii) and (iii)
Solution
- Ozone present in the stratosphere act as a shield absorbing UV radiation coming from the sun.
- Global warming can be controlled by cutting down the use of fossil fuels.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following pollutants is not harmful for lungs?

A
$$CO$$

B
$$CO_{2}$$

C
$$SO_{2}$$

D
$$NO_{2}$$

Solution

The main components of gaseous pollutants are carbon monoxide, sulpur dioxide, nitrogen oxide. All of these pollutants damage lungs as when we breathe this dirty air, these pollutants enter directly deep into our lungs causing respiratory diseases and lung cancer.
Question 4
1 / -0

The region which is greatly affected by air pollution is:

A
troposphere

B
stratosphere

C
mesosphere

D
thermosphere

Solution

Regions of the atmosphere are given in increasing height as follows-

troposphere <stratosphere<mesosphere<thermosphere

Troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere. Here, the formation of clouds takes place. The pollution in this layer occurs due to the presence of gaseous or solid particles in air. So this layer gets greatly affected by air pollution. Example: oxides of sulphur, carbon, dust, fumes etc,
Question 5
1 / -0

The zone which extends above troposphere up to 50 km above sea level and contains dinitrogen, dioxygen, ozone and little water vapour is called:

A
exosphere

B
mesosphere

C
ionosphere

D
stratosphere

Solution

Stratosphere ranges from 20-50 km. It is the layer above troposphere. Stratosphere contains ozone as it's main species.
Question 6
1 / -0

Green chemistry involves ?

A
production of chemicals of our daily use from green house gases

B
such chemical processes in which green plants are used

C
those reaction which are of biological origin

D
use of non-toxic reagents and solvents to produce environment friendly products.

Solution

Green chemistry is a design of products and process that reduces or eliminates the use of harmful hazardous products. It uses the concept of invention and design and invokes to produce products that are environment-friendly.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is not true?

A
Ammonia acts as sink for $$NO_{x}$$.

B
Limestone acts as sink for $$SO_{x}$$

C
The average residence time of NO is one month.

D
$$SO_{x}$$ can be removed from flue gases by passing through a solution of citrate ions.

Solution

Residence time means the lifetime amount of chemicals in the atmosphere divided by the rate at which the chemicals are eliminated from the atmosphere. The average residence time of NO is 0.5 to 2 days.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following is not correctly matched?

A
Water pollution - using synthetic detergents for washing clothes

B
Photochemical smog - releasing gases produced by automobiles and factories

C
Damaging ozone layer -using CFCS

D
Acid rain - releasing pesticides and fertilizers in water

Solution

The main component of acid rain are sulphuric acid, nitric acid and carbonic acid that are present in atmosphere due to cars and industries and factory waste. Human actions like using detergent, releasing pesticides and fertilizers in water lead to acid rain.
Question 9
1 / -0

As DDT passes into food chain, its concetration:

A
remains same

B
decreases

C
becomes zero

D
increases

Solution

DDT is something which animals store it in the fatty tissues. Therefore we can say, DDT is fat soluble. So if a bird consumes many organisms, then the DDT in the bird is going to be the result of all the organisms. So DDT increases as we move up the food chain.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of these are biodegradable pollutants?
(i) Pesticides
(ii) Mercuric salts
(iii) Sewage
(iv) Radioactive wastes

A
(i) and (ii)

B
(i) and (iii)

C
(i), (iii) and (iv)

D
(iii) only

Solution

The substances that can be broken down into simple substances in native are biodegradable substances. Sewage is one such type of biodegradable pollutants. Example: wool, agriculture residue,animal waste, plants etc. Non-biodegradable reactants are those which cannot be degraded or decomposed by any natural process. Example: pesticides, bags,glass objects, polythene, DDT rubber, paint.

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 51

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Environmental Chemistry Test - 51

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Question 1

excessive release of CO in air

excessive release of $$SO_{2}$$ and $$H_{2}S$$ in air

excessive release of $$NO_{2}$$ and $$SO_{2}$$ in air

excessive release of $$NH_{3}$$ and $$CO_{2}$$ in air

Solution

Question 2

(i), (iii) and (v)

(iii), (iv) and (v)

(iv) and (v)

(i), (ii) and (iii)

Solution

Question 3

$$CO$$

$$CO_{2}$$

$$SO_{2}$$

$$NO_{2}$$

Solution

Question 4

troposphere

stratosphere

mesosphere

thermosphere

Solution

Question 5

exosphere

mesosphere

ionosphere

stratosphere

Solution

Question 6

production of chemicals of our daily use from green house gases

such chemical processes in which green plants are used

those reaction which are of biological origin

use of non-toxic reagents and solvents to produce environment friendly products.

Solution

Question 7

Ammonia acts as sink for $$NO_{x}$$.

Limestone acts as sink for $$SO_{x}$$

The average residence time of NO is one month.

$$SO_{x}$$ can be removed from flue gases by passing through a solution of citrate ions.

Solution

Question 8

Water pollution - using synthetic detergents for washing clothes

Photochemical smog - releasing gases produced by automobiles and factories

Damaging ozone layer -using CFCS

Acid rain - releasing pesticides and fertilizers in water

Solution

Question 9

remains same

decreases

becomes zero

increases

Solution

Question 10

(i) and (ii)

(i) and (iii)

(i), (iii) and (iv)

(iii) only

Solution

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