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Structure of Atom Test - 8

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Structure of Atom Test - 8
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  • Question 1
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    Experiments on electrical discharge through gases ultimately lead to the discovery of

    Solution

    Towards the end of the 19th century Joseph J.Thomson (1856-1940) was studying electric discharges at the well-known Cavendish laboratory in Cambridge, England. Several people had been studying the intriguing effects in electric discharge tubes before him. Spectacular glows could be observed when a high voltage was applied in a gas volume at low pressure. It was known that the discharge and the glow in the gas were due to something coming from the cathode, the negative pole of the applied high voltage. Thomson made a series of experiments to study the properties of the rays coming from the cathode. He observed that the cathode rays were deflected by both electric and magnetic fields - they were obviously electrically charged. By carefully measuring how the cathode rays were deflected by electric and magnetic fields, Thomson was able to determine the ratio between the electric charge (e) and the mass (m) of the rays. Thomson's result was e/m=1.8×10−11coulombs/kg.

    The particle that J.J.Thomson discovered in 1897, the electron, is a constituent of all the matter we are surrounded by. All atoms are made of a nucleus and electrons. He received the Nobel Prize in 1906 for the discovery of the electron, the first elementary particle.

  • Question 2
    1 / -0

    Television pictures result due to

    Solution

    Cathode rays (also called an electron beam or e-beam) are streams of electrons observed in vacuum tubes. If an evacuated glass tube is equipped with two electrodes and a voltage is applied, the glass behind of the positive electrode is observed to glow, due to electrons emitted from and traveling away from the cathode (the electrode connected to the negative terminal of the voltage supply).

    Cathode ray tubes (CRTs) use a focused beam of electrons deflected by electric or magnetic fields to create the image in a television set

  • Question 3
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    The formula E= h ν is used to calculate

    Solution

    Max Planck theorized that energy was transferred in chunks known as quanta, equal to h ν. The variable h is a constant equal to 6.63 × 10-34 J·s and the variable ν represents the frequency in 1/s.

    This equation allows us to calculate the energy of photons, given their frequency.

    If the wavelength is given, the energy can be determined by first using the wave equation(c = λ× ν)to find the frequency, then using Planck’s equation to calculate energy. 

  • Question 4
    1 / -0

    What will be the Electronic configuration of the element having atomic number 24?

    Solution

    atomic no 24 is of Cr. Due to half-filled orbital stability, it does not follow Afbau rule so its configuration is
    1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1

  • Question 5
    1 / -0

    The electronic configuration 1s22s22p1 belongs to

    Solution

    Boron is a chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5. So electronic configuration of boron is 1s22s22p1

  • Question 6
    1 / -0

    Around 1015 Hz corresponds to the region of the electromagnetic spectrum

    Solution

    Electromagnetic radiation in this range of wavelengths is called visible light or simply light. A typical human eye will respond to wavelengths from about 390 to 700 nm. In terms of frequency, this corresponds to a band in the vicinity of 430–770 THz.

  • Question 7
    1 / -0

    Radio frequency region of the electromagnetic spectrum is used for broadcasting. It is

    Solution

    Radio frequency (RF) is any of the electromagnetic wave frequencies that lie in the range extending from around3 kHz to 300 GHz, which include those frequencies used in radio communication or radar. RF usually refers to electrical rather than mechanical oscillations

  • Question 8
    1 / -0

    One of the orbitals is non-directional

    Solution

    Orbitals with subshell quantum number l = 0 are called s orbitals. All s orbitals are spherical in shape and have spherical symmetry. This means that the wave function will depend only on the distance from the nucleus and not on the direction.

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