Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Test

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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Test - 59

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Question 1
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The electronic configurations of three elements X, Y and Z are X 2, 8; Y 2, 8, 7 and Z 2, 8, 2. Which of the following is correct?

A
X is a metal

B
Y is a metal

C
Z is a non-metal

D
Y is a non-metal and Z is a metal

Solution

Hint: Generally metals have 1 to 3 electrons in the valence shell and non-metals have 4 to 7 electrons in the valence shell and 2 or 8 electrons in the valence shell of inert gas.

Step 1: Metals have generally 1 to 3 electrons in the valence shell and can easily lose those electrons to form ionic compounds. Generally, non-metals have 4 to 7 electrons in the valence shell and can gain electrons or share electrons to complete their octet. Noble gases have 2 or 8 electrons in the valence shell and are chemically inert.

Step 2: The electronic configuration of element X is 2, 8. So, it has 8 electrons in the valence shell. It is an inert gas.
The electronic configuration of element Y is 2, 8, 7. So, it has 7 electrons in the valence shell. It is a non-metal.
The electronic configuration of element Z is 2, 8, 2. So, it has 2 electrons in the valence shell. It is a metal.

Step 3: X is an inert gas since it has a complete octet, Y is a non-metal since it is one electron less to complete octet and Z is metal since it can easily lose 2 electrons in the valence shell.

Final step: So, the correct option is (D) Y is a non-metal and Z is a metal.
Question 2
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Which of the following elements does not lose an electron easily?

A
Na

B
F

C
Mg

D
Al

Solution

Sodium has 1, Mg has 2 and Al has 3 electrons in outermost orbits. But F has 7 electrons in its outermost orbit. Hence, F does not lose an electron easily.
Question 3
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The electronic configurations of three elements, $A, B$ and $C$ are given below. What Stable form of $A$ may be represented by the formula:

A
$A$

B
$A_{2}$

C
$A_{3}$

D
$A_{4}$

Solution

Octate of $A$ is complete.
therefore, monoatomic form of $A$ is a stable form.
Option A is correct.
Question 4
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The electronic configuration of the outermost shell of the most electronegative element is

A
$2s^{2}2p^{5}$

B
$3s^{2}3p^{5}$

C
$4s^{2}4p^{5}$

D
$5s^{2}5p^{5}$

Solution

Elements of Group $17$ has $ns^{2}np^{5}$ electronic configuration. The electronegativity decreases down the group. The elements of this group are the most electronegative.
Question 5
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The electronic configurations of three elements, $A, B$ and $C$ are given below. The molecular formula of the compound formed from $B$ and $C$ will be

A
$BC$

B
$B_{2}C$

C
$BC_{2}$

D
$BC_{3}$

Solution

Option D is the correct answer.
$B$ represents phosphorus $P$ and $C$ represents Chlorine $Cl$ . The compound formed is $PCl_{3}$ i.e., $BC_{3}$ .
Question 6
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The electronic configurations of three elements, $A, B$ and $C$ are given below. What Stable form of $C$ may be represented by the formula:

A
$C$

B
$C_{2}$

C
$C_{3}$

D
$C_{4}$

Solution

$KK[\sigma _{2s}]^{2}[\sigma^*_{2s}]^{2}[\pi _{2px}]^{2}[\pi _{2py}]^{2}$
Bond order= $\dfrac{1}{2}[6-2]=2$
Option B is a correct Answer
$C_2$ is diamegnetic in nature.
Question 7
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The outer electronic structure of lawrencium (atomic number $103$ ) is :

A
$[Rn] \ 5f^{13}7s^27p^2$

B
$[Rn] \ 5f^{13}6d^{1}7s^17p^2$

C
$[Rn] \ 5f^{14}7s^17p^2$

D
$[Rn] \ 5f^{14}6d^{1}7s^2$

Solution
Question 8
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Among the following configurations, the element which has the highest electron affinity:

A
$[Ne]3s^13p^2$

B
$[Ne]3s^23p^5$

C
$[Ne]3s^23p^4$

D
$[Ne]3s^23p^63d^54s^1$

Solution
Question 9
1 / -0

Which electronic configuration must represent an atom in an excited state?

A
$1s^2,2s^2,2p^1$

B
$1s^2,2s^2,2p^2$

C
$1s^2,2s^2,2p^2,3s^1$

D
$1s^2,2s^2,2p^5$

Solution

$1s^2,2s^2,2p^2,3s^1$ (Exited state)
One electrode is excited into S orbital from P.
Question 10
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Pick the correct statement :

A
Electron affinity of fluorine is more than chlorine.

B
Electron affinities of noble gases are high.

C
Electron affinity of non-metals are low and those of metals are high.

D
Electron affinity of elements having $d^{10}s^2$ configuration is negative.

Solution

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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Test - 59

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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Test - 59

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Question 1

X is a metal

Y is a metal

Z is a non-metal

Y is a non-metal and Z is a metal

Solution

Question 2

Na

F

Mg

Al

Solution

Question 3

AAA

A2A_{2}A2​

A3A_{3}A3​

A4A_{4}A4​

Solution

Question 4

2s22p52s^{2}2p^{5}2s22p5

3s23p53s^{2}3p^{5}3s23p5

4s24p54s^{2}4p^{5}4s24p5

5s25p55s^{2}5p^{5}5s25p5

Solution

Question 5

BCBCBC

B2CB_{2}CB2​C

BC2BC_{2}BC2​

BC3BC_{3}BC3​

Solution

Question 6

CCC

C2C_{2}C2​

C3C_{3}C3​

C4C_{4}C4​

Solution

Question 7

[Rn] 5f137s27p2[Rn] \ 5f^{13}7s^27p^2[Rn] 5f137s27p2

[Rn] 5f136d17s17p2[Rn] \ 5f^{13}6d^{1}7s^17p^2[Rn] 5f136d17s17p2

[Rn] 5f147s17p2[Rn] \ 5f^{14}7s^17p^2[Rn] 5f147s17p2

[Rn] 5f146d17s2[Rn] \ 5f^{14}6d^{1}7s^2[Rn] 5f146d17s2

Solution

Question 8

[Ne]3s13p2[Ne]3s^13p^2[Ne]3s13p2

[Ne]3s23p5[Ne]3s^23p^5[Ne]3s23p5

[Ne]3s23p4[Ne]3s^23p^4[Ne]3s23p4

[Ne]3s23p63d54s1[Ne]3s^23p^63d^54s^1[Ne]3s23p63d54s1

Solution

Question 9

1s2,2s2,2p11s^2,2s^2,2p^11s2,2s2,2p1

1s2,2s2,2p21s^2,2s^2,2p^21s2,2s2,2p2

1s2,2s2,2p2,3s11s^2,2s^2,2p^2,3s^11s2,2s2,2p2,3s1

1s2,2s2,2p51s^2,2s^2,2p^51s2,2s2,2p5

Solution

Question 10

Electron affinity of fluorine is more than chlorine.

Electron affinities of noble gases are high.

Electron affinity of non-metals are low and those of metals are high.

Electron affinity of elements having d10s2d^{10}s^2d10s2 configuration is negative.

Solution

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$A$

$A_{2}$

$A_{3}$

$A_{4}$

$2s^{2}2p^{5}$

$3s^{2}3p^{5}$

$4s^{2}4p^{5}$

$5s^{2}5p^{5}$

$BC$

$B_{2}C$

$BC_{2}$

$BC_{3}$

$C$

$C_{2}$

$C_{3}$

$C_{4}$

$[Rn] \ 5f^{13}7s^27p^2$

$[Rn] \ 5f^{13}6d^{1}7s^17p^2$

$[Rn] \ 5f^{14}7s^17p^2$

$[Rn] \ 5f^{14}6d^{1}7s^2$

$[Ne]3s^13p^2$

$[Ne]3s^23p^5$

$[Ne]3s^23p^4$

$[Ne]3s^23p^63d^54s^1$

$1s^2,2s^2,2p^1$

$1s^2,2s^2,2p^2$

$1s^2,2s^2,2p^2,3s^1$

$1s^2,2s^2,2p^5$

Electron affinity of elements having $d^{10}s^2$ configuration is negative.