Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Test 32

Directions For Questions

Polar covalent molecules exhibit dipole moment. Dipole moment is equal to the product of charge separation, $$q$$ and the bond length $$d$$ for the bond. Unit of dipole moment is debye. One debye is equal to $$10^{-18}\ esu\ cm$$.

Dipole moment is a vector quantity. It has both magnitude and direction. Hence, dipole moment of a molecule depends upon the relative orientation of bond dipoles, but not on the polarity of bonds alone. A symmetrical structure shows zero dipole moment. Thus, dipole moment helps to predict the geometry of molecules. Dipole moment values can be used to distinguish between cis-and trans-isomers; ortho-, meta- and para-forms of a substance, etc.

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A diatomic molecule has a dipole moment of 1.2 D. If the bond length is $$1.0 \times 10^{-8} \ cm$$, what fraction of charge does exist each atom?

Chemical Bondin...

Question 1

n

(n - 1)

(n - 2)

(n + 1)

Question 2

TTTF

TFTF

TFTT

TFFF

Question 3

A = B < C < D

A = B < D < C

A = B = C= D

C < D < A < B

Question 4

$$CH_3-CF_3$$

$$FCH_2-CH_2F$$

$$F_2CH-CHF_2$$

$$CF_3-CF_3$$

Question 5

0.1

0.2

0.25

0.3

Question 6

14

12

8

16

Question 7

Sigma - bond is stronger than a $$\pi$$- bond

Bond energies of sigma and $$\pi$$- bonds are of the order of 264 kJ/mol and 347 kJ/mol

Free rotation of surrounding atoms about a sigma-bond is allowed but not in case of a $$\pi$$- bond

Sigma- bond determines the direction between carbon atoms but a $$\pi$$- bond has no primary effect in this regard

Question 8

$$NO$$

$$CO$$

$$NH_3$$

$$O_2$$

Question 9

$$10\sigma$$ and $$3\pi$$ bonds

$$12\sigma$$ and $$3\pi$$ bonds

$$15\sigma$$ and $$3\pi$$ bonds

$$6\sigma$$ and $$3\pi$$ bonds

Question 10

$$2,2$$

$$3,2$$

$$1,3$$

$$4,0$$

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