States of Matter Test

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States of Matter Test - 15

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The total pressure of a mixture of two gases is equal to :

A
Sum of their partial pressures

B
The difference in partial pressures

C
The product of partial pressures

D
The ratio of partial pressures

Solution

The total pressure of a mixture of two gases is equal to sum of their partial pressures.
Let $$P_A$$ and $$P_B$$ be the partial pressures of two gases $$A$$ and $$B$$ and $$P_T$$ be the total pressure of the gaseous mixture.
Then $$\displaystyle P_T = P_A + P_B $$
Question 2
1 / -0

Law of definite proportions when expressed in terms of volumes becomes:

A
Dalton's Law

B
Berzelius hypothesis

C
Gay-Lussac's Law

D
Avogadro's Law

Solution

Law of definite proportions: It states that a given chemical substance (compound) always contains the same elements combined in a fixed proportion by weight. It is also called the law of constant composition.
The law of combining volumes was given by Gay Lussac in 1808. It is applicable only to a gaseous reaction. According to this law, gases combine or are produced in a chemical reaction they do so in a simple ratio by volume provided all gases are at same temperature and pressure. So, the law of definite proportions when expressed in terms of volumes becomes 'Gay-Lussac's Law'.
Avogadro's law states that 'equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules'.
According to Berzelius hypothesis, equal volumes of all gases contain an equal number of atoms under similar conditions of temperature and pressure.
Question 3
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If $$1$$ L of $$O_2$$ at $$15^oC$$ and $$750$$ mm pressure contains $$\text N$$ molecules, the number of molecules in $$2$$ L of $$SO_2$$ under the same conditions of temperature and pressure will be :

A
$$\dfrac {\text N}{2}$$

B
$$\text N$$

C
$$2\text N$$

D
$$4\text N$$

Solution

Under similar conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volume of gas contains equal number of molecules.
$$\therefore 1\ L=N$$ molecules
$$2\ L=2\ N$$ molecules
Question 4
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The value of molar gas constant is :

A
smaller for compound gases in comparison to other gases

B
different for different gases

C
equal for all gases

D
smaller for elementary gases in comparison to other gases

Solution

The value of molar gas constant is equal for all gases.
The molar gas constant also known as ideal gas constant have value $$8.314$$ J/mol K or $$0.08206$$ L atm/ mol K
Question 5
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The number of molecules in 1 L of oxygen and 1 L of nitrogen at STP will be:

A
equal

B
greater for $$N_2$$

C
greater for $$O_2$$

D
equal to Avogadro's number

Solution

Equal volumes of different gases under identical conditions of temperature and pressure contains equal number of molecules. (Avogadro's law)

1 mole = 22.4 litre

Hence, the number of molecules in 1 L of oxygen and 1 L of nitrogen will be equal at STP.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following is not the unit of the Universal Gas Constant?

A
$$erg\:mol^{-1}k^{-1}$$

B
$$J\:mol^{-1}k^{-1}$$

C
$$Pa\:m^{2}\:mol^{-1}k^{-1}$$

D
$$Pa\:m^{3}\:mol^{-1}k^{-1}$$

Solution

We know,
$$PV=nRT\\R=\cfrac{PV}{nT}$$
If we take pressure units pascals$$(Pa)$$
Volume$$=$$ cubic meters $$(m^3)$$
Temperature $$=$$ Kelvin $$(K)$$
No. of moles $$=$$ Mole (Mol)
$$R=\cfrac{Pa.m^3}{mol.K}\Longrightarrow Pam^3mol^{-1}K^{-1}$$
So, third option is wrong.
Question 7
1 / -0

At standard temperature and pressure, the volume of 7.1 kg of $$Cl_2$$ will be:

A
2240 L

B
2.24 L

C
224 L

D
4.48 L

Solution

Gram molecular weight of $$Cl_2$$ (one mole)= 35.5 $$\times$$ 2 = 71 g.
71 g of $$Cl_2$$ at S.T.P occupies $$22.4$$ litres.
$$\therefore$$ 7.1 kg, i.e., 7100 g of $$Cl_2$$ would at STP occupy = $$\displaystyle\dfrac{22.4\times7100}{71} = 2240 L $$
Question 8
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According to the kinetic theory of gases there are:

A
Intermolecular attractions

B
Molecules which have considerable volume

C
No intermolecular forces of attraction

D
The velocity of molecules decreases for each collision

Solution

Following are the kinetic theory of gases postulates:

1) Space-volume to molecules ratio is negligible.
2)There is no force of attraction between the molecules at normal temperature and pressure. The force of attraction between the molecules build when the temperature decreases and the pressure increases.
3) There is large space between the molecules resulting in continuous motion.
4) The free movement of molecules results in collision which is perfectly elastic.
5) The molecules have kinetic energy due to random movement. But the average kinetic energy of these molecules differs with temperature.
6) Molecules exert pressure on the walls of the container.

Hence, the correct option is $$\text{C}$$
Question 9
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In a thermally isolated system. Two boxes filled with an ideal gas are connected by a valve. When the valve is in closed position, states of the box 1 and 2, respectively,are (1 atm, $$V_i T$$) and (0.5 atm, 4V, T). When the valve is opened, the final pressure of the system is approximately.

A
0.5 atm

B
0.6 atm

C
0.75 atm

D
1.0 atm

Solution

$$ v_i = v_l $$

$$\displaystyle \frac {5} {2} \times 1 \times V + \frac {5} {2} \times 0.5 \times 4v = \frac {5} {2} P 5V $$

$$\displaystyle P = \frac {3} {5} = 0.6 $$
Question 10
1 / -0

Considering a given mass of a gas by keeping the third variable constant, identify the wrong statements regarding an ideal gas.
(A) With increase in pressure, volume decreases.
(B) With increase in temperature, pressure decreases.
(C) With increase in temperature, volume increases.

A
(A) & (B)

B
(B) & (C)

C
(A) only

D
(B) only

Solution

Option (B) is incorrect as temperature and pressure are directly proportional to each other.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

States of Matter Test - 15

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States of Matter Test - 15

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Sum of their partial pressures

The difference in partial pressures

The product of partial pressures

The ratio of partial pressures

Solution

Question 2

Dalton's Law

Berzelius hypothesis

Gay-Lussac's Law

Avogadro's Law

Solution

Question 3

$$\dfrac {\text N}{2}$$

$$\text N$$

$$2\text N$$

$$4\text N$$

Solution

Question 4

smaller for compound gases in comparison to other gases

different for different gases

equal for all gases

smaller for elementary gases in comparison to other gases

Solution

Question 5

equal

greater for $$N_2$$

greater for $$O_2$$

equal to Avogadro's number

Solution

Question 6

$$erg\:mol^{-1}k^{-1}$$

$$J\:mol^{-1}k^{-1}$$

$$Pa\:m^{2}\:mol^{-1}k^{-1}$$

$$Pa\:m^{3}\:mol^{-1}k^{-1}$$

Solution

Question 7

2240 L

2.24 L

224 L

4.48 L

Solution

Question 8

Intermolecular attractions

Molecules which have considerable volume

No intermolecular forces of attraction

The velocity of molecules decreases for each collision

Solution

Question 9

0.5 atm

0.6 atm

0.75 atm

1.0 atm

Solution

Question 10

(A) & (B)

(B) & (C)

(A) only

(B) only

Solution

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