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States of Matter Test - 17

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States of Matter Test - 17
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which one proposes the basic postulates concerning elements and atoms?
    Solution
    Dalton's theory proposes the basic postulates concerning elements and atoms.

    All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible. 

    All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties.  

      Hence, the correct option is D.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    By ideal gas law, find the approximate volume that will be occupied by 0.5 mole of an ideal gas at 30$$^oC$$ and 3 $$atm$$ pressure (gas constant $$R$$ $$=$$ 0.0821 $$L atm / \:mol / \: K$$)?
    Solution
    Volume $$\displaystyle V = \dfrac {nRT}{P} \\ \: V= \dfrac {0.5 \text {  moles} \times 0.0821  \text {  L atm/ mol K } \times 303  \text {  K}}{3  \text {  atm}} \\ \: V = \dfrac {12.4 L  \text {  atm}}{3  \text {  atm}}=4.2 \simeq 5  \text {  L}$$

    Note: Here, $$V$$ is volume, $$P$$ is pressure, $$n$$ is the number of moles of gas, $$R$$ is the ideal gas constant and $$T$$ is absolute temperature.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    For a sample of an ideal gas of fixed weight and at a fixed temperature.
    I. the volume varies, directly proportional with the pressure exerted on it.
    II. the volume varies inversely proportional with the pressure exerted on it.
    III. the pressure varies directly proportional  with the density f the gas. 
    Choose the correct option :
    Solution
    For a sample of an ideal gas of fixed weight and at a fixed temperature :
    II. the volume varies inversely proportional with the pressure exerted on it.
    $$\displaystyle  PV =nRT$$
    $$\displaystyle  V \propto \dfrac {1}{P}$$  (n and T constant)

    III. the pressure varies directly proportional  with the density of the gas. 
    $$\displaystyle  PV = nRT$$
    $$\displaystyle  PV = \dfrac {W}{M}RT$$
    $$\displaystyle  PM = \dfrac {W}{V}RT$$
    $$\displaystyle  PV = dRT$$
    $$\displaystyle  P \propto d$$
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Find the new volume of the gas, when kelvin temperature and pressure of a fixed amount of gas is doubled?
    Solution
    The new volume of the gas, when kelvin temperature and pressure of a fixed amount of gas is doubled is unchanged.
    Volume is directly proportional to the ratio $$\displaystyle\dfrac {T}{P}$$.
    $$\displaystyle V \propto \dfrac {T}{P}$$
    When kelvin temperature and pressure of a fixed amount of gas is doubled, the ratio $$\displaystyle \dfrac {T}{P}$$ is unchanged and the new volume is same as old volume.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    A sample of neon gas is contained by a closed 4-litre vessel. The temperature of container is 25 $$^oC$$ and pressure is 1.5  atmospheres. (The gas constant, $$R$$, is equal to 0.08 $$Latm/ \:mol/ \: K$$).
    Neon gas in the vessel is replaced with an equal molar quantity of helium gas. Which of the following properties of the gas in the container will be changed?
    I. Pressure
    II. Temperature
    III. Density
    Solution
    Only density will change. Pressure and temperature will remain same. Density will depend on molar mass as number of moles and volume are constant. Pressure and temperature will depend only on volume and number of moles which are same for both gases. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    According to the Kinetic-Molecular Theory, the kinetic energy of the molecules increases when they are --------------
    Solution
    According to the Kinetic-Molecular Theory, the kinetic energy of the molecules increases when they are heated to a higher temperature.

    The kinetic energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.
    Kinetic energy $$\displaystyle  \propto $$ absolute temperature.

    As temperature increases, kinetic energy increases.
    As temperature decreases, kinetic energy decreases.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which one is correct about  Gay-Lussac's law?
    Solution
    According to Gay-Lussac's Law :

    $$\displaystyle \dfrac {P}{T}= k $$ 

    At constant volume, the pressure of a given mass of a gas varies directly with the temperature.

    $$\displaystyle P \propto T $$ (V and n constant)

    Hence, the correct option is B.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which one proposes a relationship between the combining volumes of gases with respect to the reactants and gaseous products.
    Solution
    Gay-Lussac's Law proposes a relationship between the combining volumes of gases with respect to the reactants and gaseous products. According to this law, when gases react together to produce gaseous products, the volumes of reactants and products bear a simple whole number ratio with each other, provided volumes are measured at same temperature and pressure.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    PV $$=$$ nRT is the equation for:
    Solution
    Ideal Gas Equation is given as:

    $$PV = nRT$$

    where $$P=$$ pressure of the gas;  $$V =$$ volume of the gas;  $$n=$$ Number of Moles; $$T=$$ Absolute temperature; $$R =$$ Ideal Gas constant also known as Boltzmann Constant $$= 0.082057$$ L atm K$$^{-1}$$ mol$$^{-1}$$.

    Hence, the correct option is $$\text{C}$$
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Statement 1: According to the Kinetic Moecular Theory, the particles of a gas are in random motion at absolute zero temperature.
    Statement 2: The degree of random motion of gas molecules varies inversely with the temperature of the gas.
    Solution
    Statement 1: According to the Kinetic Molecular Theory, the particles of a gas are in random motion at all temperatures except absolute zero. The particles move in all directions in straight lines until their direction is changed on collision with each other. The average kinetic energy of molecules is directly proportional to the absolute temperature. At absolute zero, the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is zero. Hence, the velocity of gas molecules is zero.

    Statement 2: The degree of random motion of gas molecules varies directly with the temperature of the gas.  Higher is the temperature, higher is the degree of random motion.
    Hence, both statements 1 and 2 are not correct.
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