States of Matter Test

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States of Matter Test - 20

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Question 1
1 / -0

If the gas particles in a rigid container slow down, what will happen to the pressure inside the container?

A
Pressure will increase

B
Pressure will decrease

C
Pressure will oscillate

D
Pressure will not change

Solution

When the gas particles in a rigid container slow down, the temperature of the system also reduces
We know $$P$$ $$K$$ $$T$$
Hence pressure decreases, as the temperature reduces.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which gas law is summarized with the following equation?
$$({P}_{1}{V}_{1})/{T}_{1}=({P}_{2}{V}_{2})/{T}_{2}$$

A
Boyle's Law

B
Ideal Gas Law

C
Combined Gas Law

D
Charles; Law

Solution

The formula for the combined gas law can be adjusted to compare two sets of conditions in one substance. In the equation, the figures for pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature (T) with subscripts of one represent the initial condition, and those with the subscripts of two represent the final condition.
$$P_1V_1/T_1 = P_2V_2/T_2$$
Question 3
1 / -0

Hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide are taken in containers of $$2 l$$ volume each. Compare the ratio of the number of molecules of the three gases respectively, under same conditions of temperature and pressure.

A
1:8:22

B
1:1:1

C
1:16:44

D
1:8:44

Solution

Using ideal gas law: PV =nRT
n = $$\dfrac{V}{RT}$$
here P, R and T= Constant, V = 2l
hence number of moles also equal
the ration of moles equal to 1:1:1
answer is B
Question 4
1 / -0

Identify which of the following statements is FALSE?

A
The vapor pressure of a liquid decreases with increasing atmospheric pressure.

B
The value of an equilibrium constant is dependent on temperature.

C
The rate of a spontaneous reaction cannot be determined solely by its Gibbs free energy.

D
During a phase transition, the temperature of a substance must be constant.

E
The addition of a catalyst to a reaction at equilibrium has no net effect on the system.

Solution

since, during the phase transition; temperature is plotted at the x-axis of the phase transition curve, hence, during phase transition, temperature is not constant.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following has more surface tension at same temperature?

A
Water

B
Mercury

C
Ethanol

D
Glycerin

Solution

Surface Tension in a liquid is an innate property due to cohesion or attraction between molecules within the liquid. Mercury is a metal and thus has intermetallic bonds. These are far stronger than hydrogen bonds between molecules of other liquids such as water ethanol or glycerin.
Mercury has the highest surface tension among the given substance at same temperature.
Question 6
1 / -0

The mass of a non-volatile solute of molar mass 40 g $$mol^{-1}$$ that should be dissolved in 114 g of octane to lower its vapour pressure by 20% is :

A
10 g

B
11.4 g

C
9.8 g

D
12.8 g

Solution

The mass of a non-volatile solute of molar mass 40 g /mol that should be dissolved in 114 g of octane to lower its vapour pressure by 20% is 10 g.

Let w g of the non-volatile solute is used. Its molar mass is 40 g/mol.

The number of moles of non volatile solute $$\displaystyle = \dfrac {w}{40} =0.025w$$ moles.

114 g of octane (molar mass 114 g/mol) corresponds to $$\displaystyle \dfrac {114}{114}=1$$ mole.

The mole fraction of non volatile solute is $$\displaystyle = \dfrac {0.025w}{1+0.025w}$$. The mole fraction of non volatile solute is proportional to the relative lowering in the vapour pressure.

$$\displaystyle \dfrac {P^0-P}{P^0}=X_B$$

$$\displaystyle \dfrac {20}{100}= \dfrac {0.025w}{1+0.025\ w}$$

$$\displaystyle 100 (0.025w)= 20(1+0.025w)$$

$$\displaystyle 2.5w=20+0.50w$$

$$\displaystyle 2w=20$$

$$\displaystyle w=10$$ g

Hence, the correct option is $$\text{A}$$
Question 7
1 / -0

When applied to law of combining volumes, which of the following is correct about Berzelius hypothesis ?
a) it predicts atoms are indivisible
b)it predicts atoms are divisible
c)it is contrary to Dalton's hypothesis

A
Only a

B
Only b

C
Both a and c

D
Both b and c

Solution

Berzelius hypothesis: “Equal volumes of all gases contain equal number of atoms under same conditions of temperature and pressure”. When applied to law of combining volumes, this hypothesis predicts that atoms are divisible and hence it is contrary to Dalton's hypothesis
Question 8
1 / -0

Surface tension is responsible for

A
Lower layer of water has lower veocity

B
A small needle can be made to float on the surface of water

C
Higher layer of water has lower veocity

D
None of these

Solution

Surface Tension is responsible for floating of a small needle as it helps it in minimizing the surface Tension of water.
Question 9
1 / -0

The ideal gas law was first stated by:

A
Robert Boyle

B
Jacques Charles

C
Amedeo Avagadro

D
Emile Clapeyron

Solution

Ans : Emile Clapeyron
Question 10
1 / -0

At constant temperature, the behavior of a real gas more closely approximates that of an ideal as its volume increases due to which of the following?

A
The average molecular kinetic energy decreases.

B
The molecules have expanded.

C
The average molecular speed decreases.

D
The average distance between the molecules becomes greater.

Solution

Ans : Average distance between molecules becomes greater.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

States of Matter Test - 20

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States of Matter Test - 20

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Pressure will increase

Pressure will decrease

Pressure will oscillate

Pressure will not change

Solution

Question 2

Boyle's Law

Ideal Gas Law

Combined Gas Law

Charles; Law

Solution

Question 3

1:8:22

1:1:1

1:16:44

1:8:44

Solution

Question 4

The vapor pressure of a liquid decreases with increasing atmospheric pressure.

The value of an equilibrium constant is dependent on temperature.

The rate of a spontaneous reaction cannot be determined solely by its Gibbs free energy.

During a phase transition, the temperature of a substance must be constant.

The addition of a catalyst to a reaction at equilibrium has no net effect on the system.

Solution

Question 5

Water

Mercury

Ethanol

Glycerin

Solution

Question 6

10 g

11.4 g

9.8 g

12.8 g

Solution

Question 7

Only a

Only b

Both a and c

Both b and c

Solution

Question 8

Lower layer of water has lower veocity

A small needle can be made to float on the surface of water

Higher layer of water has lower veocity

None of these

Solution

Question 9

Robert Boyle

Jacques Charles

Amedeo Avagadro

Emile Clapeyron

Solution

Question 10

The average molecular kinetic energy decreases.

The molecules have expanded.

The average molecular speed decreases.

The average distance between the molecules becomes greater.

Solution

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