Thermodynamics Test

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Thermodynamics Test - 11

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Question 1
1 / -0

Conversion of water to steam is accompanied by which process?

A
Adiabatic

B
Isothermal

C
Isochoric

D
Cyclic

Solution

Conversion from water to steam must be accompanied by rise in volume, so the process is not isochoric. It is not adiabatic as well because the conversion will only take place when heat is added to the system. The process is not cyclic because we are not getting water back. So the process must be isothermal. Infact, all change of states are isothermal processes.
Question 2
1 / -0

Figure below shows two paths that may be taken by a gas to go from a state $$A$$ to a state $$c$$.
In process $$AB, 400\ J$$ of heat is added to the system and in process $$BC, 100\ J$$ of heat is added to the system. The heat absorbed by the system in the process $$AC$$ will be

A
$$500\ J$$

B
$$460\ J$$

C
$$300\ J$$

D
$$380\ J$$

Solution

In cyclic process $$ABCA$$
$$Q_{cycle} = W_{cycle}$$
$$Q_{AB} + Q_{BC} + Q_{CA}$$
$$ = ar.$$ of $$\triangle ABC + 400 + 100 + Q_{C\rightarrow A} $$
$$= \dfrac {1}{2}(2\times 10^{-3})(4\times 10^{4})$$
$$\Rightarrow Q_{C\rightarrow A} = -460\ J$$
$$\Rightarrow Q_{A\rightarrow C} = + 460\ J$$.
Question 3
1 / -0

The thermal motion means

A
motion due to heat engine

B
disorderly motion of the body as a whole

C
motion of the body that generates heat

D
random motion of molecules

Solution

Whenever a system absorbs heat from the surroundings or when we supply thermal energy to a system, the internal energy of the system increases. The heat absorbed increases the kinetic energy of the molecules causing them to move randomly.
Question 4
1 / -0

In the free expansion of an ideal gas, its internal energy

A
remains constant

B
increases

C
decreases

D
sometimes increases, sometimes decreases

Solution

In free expansion , air is expanded against vacuum. Therefore work done is zero. Also the supplied heat is zero.

dQ = 0, dW = 0

Therefore by $$First \ Law \ of \ Thermodynamics$$, $$ dQ = dU + dW$$ change in internal energy is also zero.
Question 5
1 / -0

Zeroth law of thermodynamics gives the concept of

A
Pressure

B
Volume

C
Temperature

D
Heat

Solution

According to the $$Zeroth \ Law \ of \ Thermodynamics$$, when the thermodynamic systems A and B are separately in a thermal equilibrium with a third thermodynamic system C, then the systems A and B are in thermal equilibrium with each other also.

Thus, the physical quantity that determines whether or not a system is in thermal equilibrium with another system is Temperature. Thus, the zeroth laws of thermodynamics gives the concept of temperature.

Zeroth law of thermodynamics can also be stated as follows:

There exists a scalar quantity called temperature, which is a property of all thermodynamic systems, such that equality of temperatures is the only condition for the thermodynamic systems to be in thermal equilibrium.
Question 6
1 / -0

The energy taken by system is $$\delta Q$$, work done by system is $$\delta W $$ and increase in internal energy is $$dU$$, the quantity which does not depend on path is :

A
$$dU$$

B
$$\delta Q$$

C
$$\delta Q$$ & $$\delta W $$

D
$$\delta W $$

Solution

Internal energy is a state function which means it is independent of the path undertaken.
Question 7
1 / -0

A given system undergoes a change in which the work done by the system equals the decrease in its internal energy. The system must have undergone :

A
Isothermal change

B
Adiabatic change

C
Isobaric change

D
Isochoric change

Solution

Given $$ dW = - dU$$

So, $$ dW + dU = 0 $$

So, $$ dQ = 0 $$

The process is adiabatic.
Question 8
1 / -0

System A is in thermal equilibrium with B and B is separately in thermal equilibrium with C. Then A and C are in thermal equilibrium, from which law of thermodynamics it follows?

A
Zeroth

B
First

C
Second

D
Third

Solution

Here, the $$Zeroth \ Law \ of \ Thermodynamics$$ is followed by the three systems A, B and C. Given that system A is in thermal equilibrium with system B and at the same time in equilibrium with C. Hence, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
Question 9
1 / -0

The bullet fired from a gun gets heated on striking a target because

A
it loses energy

B
mechanical energy is converted in to heat energy

C
of latent heat

D
specific heat

Solution

That a bullet fired from a gun gets heated on striking a target can be explained by the $$First \ law \ of \ Thermodynamics$$: Energy in the universe is neither created nor destroyed, it is only translated from one form to another.

When the bullet strikes the target there is heat generated because the kinetic energy of the moving bullet is transformed into heat energy due to the friction etc. between bullet and target.
Question 10
1 / -0

In which of the process the internal energy of the system remains constant ?

A
Adiabatic

B
Isochoric

C
Isobaric

D
Isothermal

Solution

The internal energy of a system is a function of temperature and hence any change in temperature leads to a change in internal energy.
In an iso-thermal system, the temperature is constant. Hence, the internal energy of the system remains constant.
In all other options, there is a change in temperature. So, internal energy varies.

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Thermodynamics Test - 11

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Thermodynamics Test - 11

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Question 1

Adiabatic

Isothermal

Isochoric

Cyclic

Solution

Question 2

$$500\ J$$

$$460\ J$$

$$300\ J$$

$$380\ J$$

Solution

Question 3

motion due to heat engine

disorderly motion of the body as a whole

motion of the body that generates heat

random motion of molecules

Solution

Question 4

remains constant

increases

decreases

sometimes increases, sometimes decreases

Solution

Question 5

Pressure

Volume

Temperature

Heat

Solution

Question 6

$$dU$$

$$\delta Q$$

$$\delta Q$$ & $$\delta W $$

$$\delta W $$

Solution

Question 7

Isothermal change

Adiabatic change

Isobaric change

Isochoric change

Solution

Question 8

Zeroth

First

Second

Third

Solution

Question 9

it loses energy

mechanical energy is converted in to heat energy

of latent heat

specific heat

Solution

Question 10

Adiabatic

Isochoric

Isobaric

Isothermal

Solution

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