Thermodynamics Test

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Thermodynamics Test - 14

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Question 1
1 / -0

The temperature of the system decreases in the process of

A
Free expansion

B
Adiabatic expansion

C
Isothermal expansion

D
Isothermal compression

Solution

dQ = dU + dW
For adiabatic process, dQ = 0
So, dU = - dW
For expansion, dW > 0
So, dU < 0. Hence, dT < 0
Question 2
1 / -0

The object under thermodynamical study is called

A
System

B
Universe

C
Surrounding

D
Boundary

Solution

A thermodynamic system is a precisely specified macroscopic region of the universe, defined by boundaries or walls of particular natures, together with the physical surroundings of that region, which determine processes that are allowed to affect the interior of the region, studied using the principles of thermodynamics.
Question 3
1 / -0

Assertion (A) : Two systems which are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
Reason (R) : The heat flows always from a system at higher temperature to a system at a lower temperature.

A
Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

B
Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

C
Assertion is true but Reason is false.

D
Both Assertion and Reason are false.

Solution

The heat flows from a system at higher temperature to a system at a lower temperature. Therefore, two systems which are in thermal equilibrium are made to contact with a third system. The three systems will eventually reach in thermal equilibrium with each other.
Question 4
1 / -0

For an adiabatic change in a gas, if P, V, T denotes pressure, volume and absolute temperature of gas at any time and $$\gamma $$ is the ratio of specific heats of gas, which of the following equation is true?

A
$$T^{\gamma }P^{1-\gamma }=const.$$

B
$$T^{1-\gamma }P^{\gamma }=const.$$

C
$$T^{\gamma-1 }V^{\gamma }=const.$$

D
$$T^{\gamma }V^{\gamma }=const.$$

Solution

We know that $$PV^{\gamma}=C$$.
or
$$P(\displaystyle\frac{nRT}{P})^{\gamma}=C$$
or
$$P^{1-\gamma}T^{\gamma}=C$$ (as n and R are constants)
Question 5
1 / -0

The law obeyed by isothermal process :

A
Gay-Lussac's law

B
Charle's law

C
Boyle's law

D
Dalton's law

Solution

Boyle's law states that product of pressure and volume is a constant for a given mass of confined gas as long as the temperature is constant.
Therefore, isothermal processes obey Boyle's law.
Question 6
1 / -0

The laws of thermodynamics speak about

A
rates of chemical changes

B
feasibility and energy transformations of a

process

C
Both the rate and energy changes of a process

D
Energy changes in chemical reactions only

Solution

Thermodynamics laws are about energy transformation of a process and feasibility of a process
Question 7
1 / -0

First law of thermodynamics states that :

A
system can do work

B
system has temperature

C
system has pressure

D
heat is a form of energy

Solution

According to First law of thermodynamics, $$dQ= dU + dW $$ a system can do work and increase it's internal energy provided we supply heat.
Question 8
1 / -0

In an open system, system and surroundings can exchange

A
Energy only

B
Matter only

C
Both energy and matter

D
Neither energy nor matter
Solution
Hint: Open system allows exchange of energy and mass (matter).
Correct Option: C
Explanation for correct answer:
A system which can exchange matter as well as energy with the surroundings is called an Open system.
For example, hot coffee in an open flask is an example of open system because it can gain or loss matter as well as energy.
Question 9
1 / -0

Assertion (A) : According to the principle of conservation of energy all heat can be converted
into mechanical work
Reason (R) : Due to various losses, it is impossible to convert all heat into mechanical work.

A
Both Assertion and Reason are true and reason is correct explanation of Assertion.

B
Both Assertion and Reason are true but reason is not correct explanation of Assertion

C
Assertion is true but reason is false

D
Both assertion and reason are false

Solution

According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can neither be created nor it can be destroyed. Thus, it is physically possible to convert all of heat into mechanical work. But due to various energy losses, this cannot be achieved practically ever.
Question 10
1 / -0

If a monoatomic gas is suddenly compressed to $$\dfrac{1}{8}$$ of its volume adiabatically, then the pressure of the gas is

A
8 times the initial

B
16 times the initial

C
32 times the initial

D
128 times the initial

Solution

In an adiabatic process we have $$P \times V^{\gamma} $$ constant .
$$\gamma$$ for monoatomic is 5/3.
Therefore for V to become 1/8 of the original volume .
Substituting values in the equation will give final pressure to be 32P.

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Thermodynamics Test - 14

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Thermodynamics Test - 14

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Question 1

Free expansion

Adiabatic expansion

Isothermal expansion

Isothermal compression

Solution

Question 2

System

Universe

Surrounding

Boundary

Solution

Question 3

Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

Assertion is true but Reason is false.

Both Assertion and Reason are false.

Solution

Question 4

$$T^{\gamma }P^{1-\gamma }=const.$$

$$T^{1-\gamma }P^{\gamma }=const.$$

$$T^{\gamma-1 }V^{\gamma }=const.$$

$$T^{\gamma }V^{\gamma }=const.$$

Solution

Question 5

Gay-Lussac's law

Charle's law

Boyle's law

Dalton's law

Solution

Question 6

rates of chemical changes

feasibility and energy transformations of aprocess

Both the rate and energy changes of a process

Energy changes in chemical reactions only

Solution

Question 7

system can do work

system has temperature

system has pressure

heat is a form of energy

Solution

Question 8

Energy only

Matter only

Both energy and matter

Neither energy nor matter

Solution

Question 9

Both Assertion and Reason are true and reason is correct explanation of Assertion.

Both Assertion and Reason are true but reason is not correct explanation of Assertion

Assertion is true but reason is false

Both assertion and reason are false

Solution

Question 10

8 times the initial

16 times the initial

32 times the initial

128 times the initial

Solution

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feasibility and energy transformations of a

process