Reproduction in Organisms Test - 21

• The organisms use different methods for reproduction. The reproduction process in Hydra is called budding. 
• Budding is the asexual mode of reproduction. In budding, a genetically identical new organism grows attached to the body of the parent and separates on maturity. In the process of budding, a bud develops as an outgrowth due to repeated cell division at one specific site. In Hydra, there is no reproduction through multiple fission.

Ovarian cell is the cells of ovary.
Oocyte is the female gametocyte or germ cell. It is involved in reproduction.
Zygote is the diplod cell, formed by the fusion of two gametes i.e., by the fusion of male gamete (sperm) or female gamete (ovum).
Graafian follicle is the mature follicle in the ovary of mammals. It contains cavity, which is filled by liquid and it ruptures during ovulation to release ovum.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Correct option D

Explanation for correct option:

• Development of an embryo directly from an egg cell without fertilization is called parthenogenesis. It is of two types:
• In certain animals, parthenogenesis occurs naturally in their life cycles. This is known as natural parthenogenesis
• The fertilised eggs might sometimes develop parthenogenetically by various chemical and physical means. This is known as artificial parthenogenesis.

• In the first diagram, it is shown that the parent amoeba has completely divided into two daughter amoeba.
• In the second diagram, both the nucleus and cytoplasm are dividing, i.e., nuclear fission and cytokinesis both occuring.
• In the third one, the only nucleus is dividing not the cytoplasm.
• The fourth diagram represents a parent amoeba that hasn't started dividing yet.

• During sexual reproduction in all eukaryotes (plants and animals) the male and female gametes fuse leading to the formation of zygote.
• Generally, gamete formation is not a part of asexual reproduction.
• But in haploid parthenogenesis, a rare form of parthenogenesis that occurs in a few species of bees, nematodes, and plants, offspring develop from haploid eggs to produce haploid adults.
  
• We still consider this a type of asexual reproduction as gametes are formed but there is no fusion of gametes to form zygote, .

So, the correct answer is 'zygote'.

• Reproduction is an essential process required for continuity of life and survival of species generation after generation. 
• An individual has a limited lifespan and lives for a defined time period but species survive and evolve for a much longer duration. Reproduction serves no other purpose and is not required for energy production or growth of an organism.

Budding is a mode of asexual reproduction seen in Hydra. First, a bud begins to form on the tubular parent body. The bud then develops a mouth and tentacles and detaches from its parent. The new Hydra is fully developed and will find a substrate for its attachment. Thus the correct answer is option D.