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Reproduction in Organisms Test - 23

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Reproduction in Organisms Test - 23
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Fusion of dissimilar gametes is
    Solution
    Cross-pollination in a crop plant is known as allogamy. Allogamy is defined as fertilization of ovum of a flower by the pollen of another flower on the different plant. The pollen is transferred from the anther of a male flower to the stigma of a female flower. Allogamy takes place because of the male and female part of a particular flower mature at a different time. 
    Dichogamy is a condition when the stamens and pistils of a flower mature at different times to prevent self-fertilization.
    Autogamy is the phenomena of fusion of gametes produced from the same individual. It involves the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower. It is avoided when the number of seed is less, or the produced pollen is not able to fuse and germinate with the ovule of the same flower or the produced pollen are not healthy. 
    Fusion of dissimilar gametes is fertilization. It takes place during sexual reproduction where the male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote. 
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 2
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    Binary fission is a type of
    Solution
    Binary fission is an asexual mode of reproduction in which the bacteria divides into two equal halves. The process starts with the duplication of genetic contents of a parent cell by the process of replication. After the duplication, the duplicated genetic material moves apart by the process of karyokinesis. A furrow or cleavage appears in the plasma membrane which deepens and causes division of cytoplasm by cytokinesis and lead to the formation of daughter cell. The daughter cell is identical to the parent cell and has the same number of chromosome.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 3
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    Regarding fertilization which among the following statements is incorrect
    Solution
    The process of fusion between haploid male nucleus and egg nucleus is known as amphimixis. It is also known as syngamy. The process is known as fertilization which leads to formation of a diploid zygote and restores diploid condition in zygote. The statement is true.
    Fertilization activates the egg physically and leads to formation of fertilization cone to prevent polyspermy. It also brings changes in permeability. The eggs become metabolically active and allows division of nucleus and forms embryo. The statement is true.
    Sexual reproduction leads to the recombination of character in the pachytene stage of the meiosis which causes variation. So, the statement is false.
    Fertilization determines the sex. Men have an X and a Y. So, each of their sperm carries one of the 2 sex chromosomes, which sex chromosome is in the sperm that fertilizes the egg dictates the baby's sex. The statement is true.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 4
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    Formation of an organism from a single, male gamete without fusion with egg is an example of
    Solution
    • Parthenogenesis is the development of female gamete or sometimes male gamete, without fertilization.
    • Apogamy is the formation of a sporophyte from the gametophyte without the fusion of gametes.
    • Apospory is the formation of gametophyte from the sporophytic cells without the formation of spores.
    • Parthenocarpy is the formation of fruits without fertilization in which unfertilized egg develops into a fruit.
    Hence, the formation of an organism from single male gamete without fusion with the egg is called parthenocarpy.
    So, the correct answer is A.
  • Question 5
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    Nonprimate mammals have
    Solution
    A. The reproductive phase of primate animals is called Menstrual cycle. 
    B. The reproductive phase of nonprimate animals is called Oestrus cycle. 
    C. The seasons in which animals mate and produce offspring are called breeding seasons.
    D. The seasons in which animals do not mate and produce offspring are called non-breeding seasons.
    Hence, nonprimate mammals have oestrus cycle. So, the correct answer is 'Oestrus cycle'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Menstrual cycle occurs in
    Solution
    Menstrual cycle occurs in female primates. The matured ovum is released from the ovary which is supposed to be fertilized by the sperm. The fertilization is triggered due to the high concentration of progesterone hormone released by the corpus luteum. It also thickens the internal wall of the uterus for implantation. But if the sperm does not fertilize the egg, the corpus luteum degenerates and unfertilized egg along with the endometrium of the uterus is shed off. This shedding of the uterus lining, unfertilized egg and blood is known as the menstrual cycle. 
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Seedless fruits in Banana are produced through
    Solution
    Seedless fruits in the banana are produced through parthenocarpy which is a type of parthenogenesis. The inflorescence contains clusters of flowers. The ovary of flower develops into a seedless fruit by parthenocarpy. The female flowers of the inflorescence present on the true stem mature and develop into fruit without fertilization of gametes while the male flowers produce pollen which may or may not be sterile.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    A common character found in all plants with underground stem is
    Solution
    These plants produce stems modified to store energy and preserve a location of potential growth to survive a cold or dry period which normally is a period of inactive growth, and when that period is over the plants resume new growth from the underground stems.[4] Being underground protects the stems from the elements during the dormancy period, such as freezing and thawing in winter or extreme heat and drought in summer or fire. So, the correct option is A..(Vegetative propagation)
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The process of fragmentation takes place in___________.
    Solution
    When a flatworm gets cut into pieces, each piece can regenerate into a complete organism. Cells at the point of the cut grow to form a blastema that will differentiate into new tissues and regenerate the missing parts of the piece of the cut flatworm.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    In honey bees, males (drones) are formed from
    Solution
    The male honey bees are called drones. Drones are formed from the unfertilized eggs i.e. haploid eggs of the queen bee. Fertilized eggs form queens and female workers. Drones are meant for mating with the queen bee and soon die after mating.
    So, the correct answer is 'Unfertilised eggs'.
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