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Reproduction in Organisms Test - 32

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Reproduction in Organisms Test - 32
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Process of formation of an individual without contribution of father is called as
    Solution
    The process of sexual reproduction usually involves gametogenesis, which generates haploid gametes (sperm and ovum) and their fusion during fertilization. Sometimes an embryo can develop without participation of male gamete (sperm). Parthenogenesis is a type of asexual reproduction in which females produce offspring from unfertilized eggs i.e., the development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism. It is common among honeybees, wasps, and certain other arthropods.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Type of fertilization (external or internal) depends on
    Solution
    Aquatic animals like fishes and amphibia usually show external fertilisation, whereas terrestrial animals like reptiles, birds and mammals show internal fertilisation. Egg of animal showing external fertilization is not covered by a hard, protective shell and after fertilisation the embryo develops into larva in water. 
    In terrestrial birds and reptiles the egg is covered with a hard, protective shell and development of embryo occurs inside egg. In mammals the egg is not covered by protective shell and fertilization is internal. After fertilization the zygote forms within the body of female animal and stays there till the formation of embryo.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    How many moulting occur, from egg laying to the development of adult cockroach?
    Solution
    Each time the molting process is completed the cockroach will get bigger, change in color, and look more like an adult cockroach. The nymph stage of the cockroach life cycle can take anywhere from a month and a half to several years, depending on the environment, the type of cockroach, and the prevalence of cockroach disease and parasites. When the cockroach reaches its adult size it will not moult again. Many types of cockroaches will complete their transformation into adulthood with a pair of wings. Young adults may look almost exactly like a nymph, with the wings being the one characteristic that easily sets the two apart. The number of moultings in cockroach after hatching and development of a complete animal are more than 10 and they vary from one cockroach type to another.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The phase of menstrual cycle in humans, that lasts for 3 - 5 days is 
    Solution
    The rhythmic reproductive cycle in the female primates is called as the menstrual cycle. The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called as menarche and is repeated at an average interval of about 28 / 29 days.
    The major phases of the menstrual cycle are- menstrual phase, follicular phase and luteal phase. The cycle starts with the menstrual phase, when menstrual flow occurs and it lasts for 3-5 days. The menstrual flow results due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels, which forms liquid, that comes out through vagina. Menstruation only occurs if the released ovum is not fertilised. Lack of menstruation may be indicative of pregnancy. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Ootheca of cockroach has .................. fertilized eggs.
    Solution
    Cockroaches are oviparous. The egg hatches at specific conditions to give birth to young ones. The eggs are carried by the mother cockroach around in a sac called an ootheca, which is attached to her abdomen. The number of eggs in each ootheca are about 16 and varies from species to species. Many female cockroaches drop or hide their ootheca shortly before the eggs are ready to hatch. Others continue to carry the hatching eggs and care for their young after they are born. But regardless of how long the mother and her eggs stay together the ootheca. 
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Yolk is composed of
    Solution
    The yolk is a part of an egg, that feeds the developing embryo in animals. It is composed of carbohydrates (3.5%), protein (16%) and fats (phospholipids 26.5%) of total yolk. The main fatty acids present in the yolk is oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid etc. 
    Phosvitins and Lipovitellins are the major proteins present in the yolk. Apart from that yolk is also composed of vitamins - A, D, E, and K. 
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Yolk cytoplasm contains
    Solution
    • Deutoplasm is the nutritive material present in the egg for development and nourishment of embryo. It is a non-living portion of the egg.
    • Deutoplam is present in the yolk of eggs. Sometimes yolk and deutoplasm are used synonymously.
    So, the correct option is 'Deutoplasm'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Yolk is synthesized in
    Solution
    The process of formation of the yolk is known as vitellogenesis. These are generally used to nourish the developing embryo in oviparous animals. They are deposited during oocyte maturation for use after fertilization and are synthesized in the liver or fat bodies as a common precursor termed vitellogenin.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Microlecithal eggs are found in
    Solution
    Eutheria includes the placental mammals. Placental mammals are characterized by the development of a placenta. The egg of these animals has very little (microlecithal eggs) or no yolk. The egg of reptiles and birds is rich in the yolk. The placenta in eutherians forms from both embryonic membranes and the maternal uterine wall. The blood vessels of the embryo come very close to the blood vessels of the mother, so materials can be exchanged by diffusion. The placenta allows the young to remain within the mother's body until embryonic development is complete. 
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Human beings are
    Solution

    Solution:

    • Correct answer is option D

    • Explanation for the correct option
    • The egg of birds and reptiles is rich in yolk and supports the full development of an embryo. They lay eggs and are called oviparous animals. The human egg is not rich in yolk and cannot support the development of an embryo. Hence, the development of embryo occurs inside the body of the female parent. Humans are thus viviparous animals giving birth to young ones.
    • The process of development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg is known as parthenogenesis. It occurs in bees, aphids, water fleas, etc. 
    • Ovo vivipary is the phenomenon when an embryo develops inside an egg and remains in the body of the mother until hatching
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