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Reproduction in Organisms Test - 49

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Reproduction in Organisms Test - 49
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Bulbils are employed for the multiplication of
    Solution
    Bulbils are the small bulb-like structure which is mainly present in the axil of leaf and stem. Agave bears bulbil which falls on the ground and forms a new plant. It is present in the axil of bracts in agave. Bulbils are considered as modified vegetative and floral buds which stores food and also helps in vegetative propagation of the plants.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Corm is, used as a means of vegetative multiplication in
    Solution
    Ginger is propagated by rhizome.
    A corm is a condensed rhizome. It grows in the vertical direction. It is, used as a means of vegetative multiplication in gladiolus. It has axillary buds, present in the axil of scale leaves. The axillary bud produces daughter corms. The daughter corm has an adventitious root which develops into a new individual when planted in moist soil.
    Banana is propagated by inflorescence. The female flowers of the inflorescence present on the true stem mature and develop into fruit without fertilization of gametes.
    Pineapples are usually propagated by means of their crowns.
    So, the correct answer is option B.

  • Question 3
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    The term parthenogenesis was introduced by
    Solution
    Charles Bonnet was first to introduce the term parthenogenesis. He studied the process of parthenogenesis in aphids. He kept the female aphids unfertilized in isolation and observed the development of the viable embryo from the unfertilized female eggs. 
    Parthenogenesis is the development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg or if a spermatozoa does penetrate the egg, there is no union of male and female pronuclei.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Development of an organism from female gamete/egg without involving fertilization is
    Solution
    Parthenogenesis is the development of an embryo from an unfertilised egg or if a spermatozoa does penetrate the egg, there is no union of male and female pronuclei. It is a mode of asexual reproduction. On the basis of division, it is of two types apomictic parthenogenesis and automictic parthenogenesis. In apomictic parthenogenesis, the mature egg cells are produced by mitotic divisions, and these cells directly develop into embryos. The offsprings produced are full clones of the mother.
    In automictic parthenogenesis, the mother cell undergoes meiosis and produces haploid offspring which are the half-clone of the mother cell.
    Adventive embryony is a type of apomixis where the embryo arises from cells of nucellus or the integument.
    The production of two or more embryos in one seed is known as polyembryony.
    Parthenocarpy is natural or artificially induced production of fruit without fertilization of ovules.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Penicillium produces
    Solution
    The species of penicillium multiply by vegetative fragmentation as well as asexual and sexual methods.
    Asexual reproduction begins with the formation of asexual motile spores called conidia, which are born on the erect, aerial hyphae called conidiophores. The conidiophores branch multiple times and finally terminate into cylindrical bodies called sterigma. At the time of conidium formation, the nucleus of sterigma divides by mitotic division into two. The terminal portion of sterigma gets separated with one nucleus and is called conidium. When it is fully grown another conidium is formed below the first conidium in succession at the end of sterigma. The spores thus formed are mitospores, which germinate to form genetically identical saprophyte.
    In sexual reproduction, the spores or conidium are formed by meiosis from the diploid parent zygote. Ascogonium, a female sex organ and Antheridium, a male sex organ arise on adjacent branches and fuse to form meiospores.
    Zoospores are spores with flagella. They are motile spores. They are not produced by Penicillium.
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Pollination occurs in____________.
    Solution
    Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther to stigma. By pollination, male gamete i.e. pollen is brought in contact with the female gamete i.e. egg. In Angiosperms, male and female gametes are present in the flowers. Pollination occurs by means of wind, water, insects, birds etc. In gymnosperms, male and female gametes are present on separate plants in the form of cones. Pollens are usually carried away by the wind to the female cones. Hence, pollination occurs in both Angiosperms and Gymnosperms.
    So, the correct answer is C.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The phenomenon of endogamy is reported in
    Solution
    Fasciola is a genus of trematodes. It is commonly known as liver fluke. It shows the phenomena of endogamy where the two fusing gametes are derived from the same parent which means the gametes are uniparental. These are hermaphrodite and has both male and female reproductive organs. The male and female reproductive organs open up into the same chamber within the body, which is called the genital atrium where the two gametes fuses.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Endogenous budding occurs in
    Solution
    Endogenous budding is the process when the bud develops inside the parent body. Sponges belong to the phylum Porifera. They reproduce by sexual and asexual mode. The asexual mode involves budding. In this process, a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site of the parent body. In sponges, a part of parent body produces internal buds known as gemmule which separates from the parent body and forms a new organism. The gemmules are formed in the mesoglea layer of the body wall by the sperm cell produced by amoebocytes cell.
    So, the correct answer is option C.

  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Thelytoky, a type of parthenogenesis, occurs in
    Solution
    The type of parthenogenesis in which females are produced from unfertilized eggs is known as thelytoky. The daughter cells produced are diploid in nature. It mainly occurs in aphids. It is mainly of two types, apomictic and automictic. 
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Dog is a
    Solution
    Seasonal breeders are animal species that successfully mate only during certain times of the year. A female dog is usually diestrous although some breeds typically have one or three cycles per year. During this phase, the female dog is highly receptive. The length of estrus cycle is 9 days. Ovulation begins two or three days after estrus.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
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