Reproduction in Organisms Test

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Reproduction in Organisms Test - 58

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Question 1
1 / -0

Which one of the following processes results in the formation of clone of bacteria?

A
Regeneration

B
Budding

C
Binary fission

D
Fragmentation

Solution

In binary fission, the parent organism divides into two halves, each half forming an independent daughter organism. Binary fission involves mitosis. The resultant offspring are genetically identical to the parent and to each other.
So, the correct answer is 'Binary fission'.
Question 2
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Which one of the following is oviparous?

A
Platypus

B
Flying fox (Bat)

C
Elephant

D
Whale

Solution

Platypus, bat, elephant and whale, all belong to. Class Mammalia of sub-phylum Vertebrata. Out of the four, only platypus is oviparous (egg laying), rest are viviparous (glib birth to young ones).
Question 3
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Study the given figures representing the process of binary fission in Amoeba. Arrange the figures in the correct sequence and select the correct answer.

A
$$(iv) \rightarrow (iii)\rightarrow (i) \rightarrow (ii) \rightarrow (v)$$

B
$$(iii) \rightarrow (iv)\rightarrow (i) \rightarrow (ii) \rightarrow (v)$$

C
$$(iii) \rightarrow (v)\rightarrow (ii) \rightarrow (iv) \rightarrow (i)$$

D
$$(iv) \rightarrow (iii)\rightarrow (ii) \rightarrow (v) \rightarrow (i)$$

Solution

In Amoeba, irregular binary fission occurs. The plane of division of cytoplasm is variable but is always at right angles to the elongated dividing nucleus. In this, the replicated chromosomes are separated by intranuclear mitosis and the nucleus divides by furrowing. Then the cytoplasm gradually constricts between the two separating nuclei, ultimately forming two equal-sized daughter individuals, each with a nucleus. The offspring grow to the size of the parent before dividing again.
So, the correct answer is (iii)→(v)→(ii)→(iv)→(i).
Question 4
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Refer to the given figures and select the correct option.

A
$$C$$ and $$D$$ reproduce by budding that includes nuclear division only

B
All of these reproduce by the asexual mode of reproduction

C
$$B$$ represents multiple fission in an alga

D
$$A$$ shows spore formation in a moneran

Solution

All the organisms shown in the figure reproduce asexually.
(A) is Penicillium in which non-motile conidia are produced single or in chains.
Organism (B) is Chlamydomonas in which reproduction occurs by zoospores.
In Hydra (C) and yeast (D), asexual reproduction takes place by budding.
So, the correct answer is 'All of these reproduce by the asexual mode of reproduction'.
Question 5
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Fleshy buds produced in the axil of leaves, which grow to form new plants when shed and fall on ground, are called _____.

A
Bulbs

B
Bulbils

C
Tubers

D
Offsets

Solution

A. Bulbs of Tulip, Dahlia, etc., serve as means of vegetative propagation by producing new plants when sown in the soil.
B. Bulbils: These are fleshy buds produced in the axil of foliage leaves in place of axillary buds. e.g., Onion, Pineapple.
C. Tubers: They are modified underground stem branches having several buds. e.g., Potato.
D. Offsets: These are one internode long runners which develop tuft of leaves at the apex e.g., Water lettuce.

So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 6
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Which of the following is a unisexual organism?

A

B

C

D

Solution

Organism shown in figure (d) is Nereis. It is unisexual or dioecious and its reproductive phase is called 'heteronereis.'
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 7
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Read the following statements about the reproductive cycles in mammals and select the correct ones.
(i) Oestrous cycle occurs in primate mammals.
(ii) In species with oestrous cycle, females are generally sexually active during oestrous phase.
(iii) Both the cycles show monthly recurrence.

A
(i) and (ii)

B
(ii) and (iii)

C
(ii) only

D
(i), (ii) and (iii)

Solution

Oestrous cycle occurs in non-primates such as cows, dogs, etc. Menstrual cycle occurs in primates only. Menstrual cycle shows monthly recurrence but oestrous cycle does not.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
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Which of the following options correctly identities artificial and natural methods of vegetative propagation?

A
Grafting, Cutting

B
Layering, Bulbils

C
Offset, Tissue culture

D
Tubers, Rhizomes

Solution

Layering is a type of horticultural or artificial method of vegetative propagation in which adventitious roots are induced to develop on a soft stem while it is still attached to the plant. Bulbils are multicellular fleshy buds that take part in natural vegetative propagation, e.g., Oxalis, Agave, pineapple.
So, the correct answer is 'Layering, Bulbils'.
Question 9
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Asexual reproduction is the _____ method of reproduction in organisms that have a relatively simple organisation like _______ and _______.
Fill in the blank in the above statement.

A
Rare, plant, bacteria

B
Common, plant, bacteria

C
Common, algae, fungi

D
Rare, algae, fungi

Solution

Asexual reproduction is a common method of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single parent and inherit the genes of that parent only. An important form of fission (a type of asexual reproduction) is binary fission, where the parent organism is replaced by two daughter organisms. Only prokaryotes (the archaea and the bacteria) reproduce asexually through binary fission. Eukaryotes (unicellular fungi) may reproduce in a functionally similar manner by mitosis. Multiple fission at the cellular level occurs in many protists, e.g. algae. The nucleus of the parent cell divides several times by mitosis, producing several nuclei. The cytoplasm then separates, creating multiple daughter cells.
Thus, the correct option is 'Common, algae, fungi.'
Question 10
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Oestrous cycle is reported in

A
Cows and sheep

B
Humans and monkeys

C
Chimpanzees and gorillas

D
Humans and cows
Solution
The females of placental mammals exhibit cyclical changes in the activities of ovaries and accessory ducts as well as hormones during the reproductive phase.
In non-primate mammals like cows, sheep, deer, dog, tiger, etc., such cyclical changes during reproduction are called the oestrus cycle whereas in primates (monkey, apes, and humans) such cyclical changes are called the menstrual cycle.
So, the correct answer is 'Option A- Cows and sheep'.