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Reproduction in Organisms Test - 71

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Reproduction in Organisms Test - 71
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Consider the following statements with respect to reproduction in the lower living organisms
    (a) Organisms like yeast and Planaria reproduce asexually by means of budding
    (b) True regeneration is observed in Hydra
    (c) Protonema of mosses multiply by fragmentation
    (d) In unicellular organisms like bacteria, algae, and Amoeba, reproduction is synonymous with growth, i.e., an increase in the number of cells.
    Solution
    Fragmentation is a sexual mode of reproduction in which an organism is split into fragments. Each of these fragments develops into mature, fully grown individuals that are clones of the original organism. The fungi, the filamentous algae and the protonema of mosses all easily multiply by fragmentation.
    When it comes to unicellular organisms reproduction is synonymous with the increase in the number of cells.
    So the correct option is 'c and d are correct'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Rhizome/runner is
    Solution
    Diageotropic is the part of plant that grows at a right angle to the direction of gravity. Example of diageotropic include rhizome, runner. Plagiogeotropic is the part of plant that grows at  intermediate angle between 0$$^o$$ and 90$$^o$$ to the direction of gravity. Side roots of the first order is an example of plagiogeotropic. Negatively geotropic is part of plant that grows against the gravity. Example includes stem of plant. Positively geotropic is part of plant that grows in the direction of gravity. Root is an example of positively geotropic organ.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    A difference between estrous and menstrual cycles is that
    Solution
    Menstrual cycle occurs in primates (monkeys, apes and human beings). This cycle consists of the menstrual phase, the proliferative phase and the secretory phase and the broken endometrium is passed out during menstruation. The oestrous cycle occurs in non-primates such as cows, dogs, etc. It consists of a short period of estrus or heat followed by anoestrus or passive period. The broken endometrium is reabsorbed during the oestrous cycle.
    So the correct option is 'the endometrial lining is shed in menstrual cycles but reabsorbed in the oestrous cycle'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    In apomictic/parthenogenetic development the individuals are
    Solution
    Development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg cell is called as parthenogenesis. The offsprings produced through apomictic are similar in morphological and genetical characters.
    So the correct answer is 'Morphologically and genetically similar.'
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following characterizes parthenogenesis?
    Solution
    Parthenogenesis, a reproductive strategy that involves the development of a female gamete (sex cell) without fertilization. An egg produced parthenogenetically may be either haploid (i.e., with one set of dissimilar chromosomes) or diploid (i.e., with a paired set of chromosomes). Parthenogenesis has received considerable attention as a tool for the production of stem cells. The possibility of deriving stem cells from parthenogenetic embryos could eliminate the requirement to produce and destroy viable embryos and may reduce the ethical concerns surrounding stem cell research. 
    So the correct option is 'an egg develops without being fertilized'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The limited period of sexual receptivity that occur around the time of ovulation in all female mammals, except human, is called
    Solution
    Estrus is the period in the sexual cycle of female mammals, except humans during which they are in heat, i.e ready to mate. Prior to ovulation, the endometrium (uterine lining) thickens, in preparation for holding the fertilized ova. As the proliferation of uterine tissue reaches its peak, receptivity is the highest which is called the oestrous period. The period of sexual receptivity is primarily initiated by the elevation in estrogens from mature follicles just prior to ovulation. The basic pattern of the oestrous cycle is the same in all domestic animals, but some specific differences are found in specific parts of the cycle. 
    So the correct option is 'estrus'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    External budding is present in
    Solution
    • In external budding, the bud grows externally on the surface of the body. 
    • The bud may split away from the parent body and form an independent existence or may remain attached to the parent body and becomes a more or less independent number of the colony.
    • External budding seen in Hydra, Sycon.
    • Internal budding is seen in Spongilla.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    There are various types of reproduction. The type of reproduction adopted by an organism depends on
    Solution
    • There are various modes of reproduction, both asexual (fission, budding, etc.) and sexual (internal and external). 
    • The type of reproduction an organism undergoes depends ultimately on its genetic makeup, which results from the evolutionary process. 
    • The variations caused natural selection that influences its adaptability to a particular environment (habitat) by modifying its morphology, physiology, and reproductive strategy.

    So, the correct answer is 'The organism's habitat, physiology, and genetic makeup'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    In these animals, the female retain the eggs inside the body after fertilisation and allows the development of embryo inside the body without providing extra nourishment to the developing embryo as the placenta is absent. Such animals are called as
    Solution
    In ovoviviparous animals, the female retain the eggs inside the body after fertilisation and allows the development of the embryo inside the body without providing extra nourishment to the development embryo as the placenta is absent. However, the female animals give birth to the young ones. Example of ovoviviparous animals are sharks and rattle snakes.
    So, the correct answer is 'Ovoviviparous animals'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Select the mismatched pair out of the following.
    Solution

    Correct Option: C

    Explanation:

    • Vegetative propagation is an asexual method of reproduction that occurs through roots, stems, underground stems, bulbils, etc. These include corms, rhizomes, tubers, stolons, bulbs, etc.
    • Suckers, on the other hand, arises from the lateral bud present on the rhizomes.

    Hence, the correct option is Sucker- 

    Curcuma domestica, Zingiber Offcinale

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